BLOCK 10: Haematology Flashcards
Outline the haematopoetic process in adults. (6 marks)
How can anaemias be classifed by cell size? Give an example from each category. (4 marks)
= E. X
= C. Factor VIII
- A. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
- B. Hereditary spherocytosis
- C. Sickle cell disease
- D. Alpha-thalassaemia
- E. Beta-thalassaemia minor
= * E. Beta-thalassaemia minor
- A. Alcohol
- B. Chronic disease
- C. Iron deficiency
- D. Renal disease
- E. Thalassemia
= A. Alcohol
- A. Clonal stem cell defect
- B. Hypoxaemia
- C. Impaired utilisation of iron from storage units
- D. Iron deficiency
- E. Toxic damage to bone marrow stem cells
= C. Impaired utilisation of iron from storage units
- A. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- B. Acute myelogenous leukemia
- C. Acute promyelocytic leukemia
- D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- E. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
= A. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
A 32 year old male presents with an eight week history of fevers, chills, pruritis, night sweats, and non-tender lymphadenopathy. A lymph node biopsy is taken. What is the most appropriate diagnosis?
- A. Acute myeloid leukemia
- B. Burkitt lymphoma
- C. Hodgkin lymphoma
- D. Infectious mononucleosis
- E. Lymphoblastic lymphoma
= C. Hodgkin lymphoma
A 62 year old male presents with a nine week history of a gradually enlarging neck lump. Physical examination reveals cervical lymph node enlargement and a palpable lymph node in the axilla. An FBP reveals mild anaemia, with a significant leucocytosis. The peripheral blood smear (shown) shows more than 70% of WBCs are small lymphocytes, but there are also prominent smudge cells. What is the most appropriate diagnosis?
- A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
- B. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- C. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- D. Chronic myeloid leukemia
- E. Multiple myeloma
= B. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
A 60 year old male complains of pain in his back, tiredness, and occasional confusion. His history reveals polyuria and polydipsia. Urinalysis shows 4+ proteinuria. His x-ray reveals multiple lytic lesions in the lumbar and thoracic vertebral bodies. His laboratory results show hypoalbuminaemia, mild anaemia, and thrombocytopaenia. A bone marrow biopsy shows increased plasma cell count. Serum electropheresis is shown. What is the most appropriate diagnosis?
- A. Chondosarcoma
- B. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- C. Multiple myeloma
- D. Plasmacytoma
- E. Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia
= C. Multiple myeloma
A 57 year old male is admitted to the hospital with inguinal and cervical lymphadenopathy. He noticed the first palpable nodule about six months ago. On examination, more palpable lymph nodes are found in the axillary and supraclavicular regions. Laboratory data shows the serum proteins to be within normal limits, whereas the WBC count is 25.0 x 10^9/L with many small abnormal lymphocytes. The lymphocytes express B cell surface markers and pan-T cell marker CD5. A cervical lymph node biopsy is shown. The histological features are most consistent with which haematological disorder?
- A. Burkitt lymphoma
- B. Hodgkin lymphoma
- C. Plasmacytoma
- D. Reactive follicular hyperplasia
- E. Small lymphocytic leukemia
= E. Small lymphocytic leukemia
