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Psychopathology Charter 2 > Block 1 > Flashcards

Block 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Cognitive Theory

A

Behavior influenced by the way one thinks, how does the person interpret the information. Thoughts effect emotion. Ex. Fruit for sale: grateful or annoying

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2
Q

Overgeneralization

A

a woman thinks all men are untrustworthy after one man cheats

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3
Q

Excessive Responsiblity

A

Blaming oneself for another person’s shortcomings

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4
Q

Arbitrary inference

A

concluding that a spouse is unfaithful because the are arriving home late

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5
Q

Catastrophizing

A

view a situation as considerable worse than it is, EXCESSIVE

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6
Q

Selective Abstraction

A

Dwelling on the one mistake you made during you presentation and ignoring the good parts (win game, but focus on missed free throw)

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7
Q

Dichotomous Thinking

A

Two extreme categories

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8
Q

Behavioral Theory

A

Behaviors result from an interaction with the environment, which causes learning

  • Classical conditioning
  • Operant conditioning
  • Vicarious conditioning

Therapy: drug addiction, eating disorders

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9
Q

Classical conditioning

A 
Unconditioned Stimulus: Food
Unconditioned Response: Salivation
Neutral Stimulus: Bell
Neutral Cue: Bell paired with Food
Conditioned Stimulus: Bell
Conditioned Response: Salivation
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10
Q

Operant Condtioning

A

Consequence of an action either strengthens (reinforced) or weakens (punished) the behavior.

  • Positive: added
  • Negative: Taken away
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11
Q

Fixed Interval

A

RF/P given after a fixed period of time (last day of the month)

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12
Q

Variable Interval

A

RF/P given after unpredictable period of time (random)

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13
Q

Continuous ratio

A

every response

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14
Q

Fixed ratio

A

after every X # of responses

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15
Q

Variable ratio

A

after an unpredictable number of responses

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16
Q 
Vicarious Conditioning
(Modeling/ Social learning)
A

learning behavior through observation

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17
Q

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Unconscious influences behavior, significant past relationship playa role in person’s present functioning

  • Id
  • Ego
  • Superego
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18
Q

Defense Mechanism: Denial

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Refusing to believe a clear fact

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19
Q

Defense Mechanism: Repression

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Keeping one’s feelings/ thoughts out of conscious awareness

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20
Q

Defense Mechanism: Displacement

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Taking out the emotion on another source

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21
Q

Defense Mechanism: Projection

Psychodynamic Theory

A

An angry man denies being angry but accuses his wife of being angry

22
Q

Defense Mechanism: Identification

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Patterning one’s behaviors after someone else

23
Q

Defense Mechanism: Regression

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Reverting to a behavioral in an earlier stage in development

24
Q

Defense Mechanism: Splitting

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Viewing the world in a polarizing fashion

25
Q

Defense Mechanism: Isolation of Affect

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Leaving an emotionless narrative “I have cancer”

26
Q

Defense Mechanism: Intellectualization

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Excessive use of intellect in the narrative

27
Q

Defense Mechanism: Rationalization

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Making an excuse to make oneself look better, “I didn’t want the job anyway”

28
Q

Defense Mechanism: Somatization

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Exam stress transformed to headaches

29
Q

Defense Mechanism: Acting out

Psychodynamic Theory

A

anger expressed by a tantrum rather than verbally

30
Q

Defense Mechanism: Passive Aggression

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Expressing hostility through passivity (lack of action), being late

31
Q

Defense Mechanism: Reaction formation

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Showing the opposite behavior as to how one really feels “obsessive sexual urges expressed as prudish behavior”

32
Q

Defense Mechanism: Dissociation

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Going to your happy place to prevent full distressful impact of the event

33
Q

Defense Mechanism: Undoing

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Flirting with a colleague and then later complimenting spouse, knock on wood

34
Q

Defense Mechanism: Altruism

Psychodynamic Theory

A

A generous charitable donation assuages one’s guilt about past unpaid debts (kidney donation)

35
Q

Defense Mechanism: Humor

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Expressing distress by joking about the distressful thought

36
Q

Defense Mechanism: Sublimation

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Anger release through exercise

37
Q

Defense Mechanism: Suppression

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Consciously putting an upsetting thought temporarily out of mind to retrieve at a more appropriate time

38
Q

Psychotherapy

A

“talk therapy”

39
Q

Cognitive Therapy

A

Therapy involves changing a pt’s distorted thoughts to improve one’s mental state, thoughts are not facts
*Mild depression and anxiety, often combined with behavior (CBT)

40
Q

Behavioral Therapy: Systemic Desensitization

A
  1. Relaxation training: diaphragmatic breathing, progressive muscle relaxation
  2. Hierarchical list (lowest to highest fear)
  3. Desensitization: Pt confronts each item on the list while USING relaxation techniques
41
Q

Behavioral Therapy: Exposure Therapy and flooding

A

NO RELAXATION training

  • Exposure Therapy: gradual exposure
  • Flooding: non-gradual, full intensity
42
Q

Behavioral Therapy: Token Economies

A

Reinforcing and punishing behaviors with tokens (tokens exchanged for rewards)

43
Q

Behavioral Therapy: Aversion Therapy

A

Pinching oneself when one have an urge to smoke

44
Q

Behavioral Therapy: Covert Sensitization

A

IMAGINING a breakup of a relationship because of drinking or smoking

45
Q

Behavioral Therapy: Biofeedback

A

learning to control an involuntary physiological activity

46
Q

Behavioral Therapy: Vicarious conditioning

A

boy sees a peer punished for swearing; now the boy doesn’t swear

47
Q

Psychodynamic Therapy

A

The use of techniques to reveal the contents of unconscious

  • Hypnosis
  • Free Association tests (stating the first word that comes to mind when a word is spoken)
  • Interpreting Freudian slips (unintentional speech/writing)
  • Dream interpretation
48
Q

Transference

A

Pt’s emotional reaction to the doctor

49
Q

Countertransference

A

Doctor’s emotional reaction to pt

50
Q

Catharsis

A

to release strong, repressed emotions

51
Q

Humanistic Therapy

A

Maximize one’s potential, therapist displays unconditional positive regard and empathy

Psychopathology Charter 2 (1 decks)

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