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Anatomy Charter > Block 1 > Flashcards

Block 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Extension of the plasma membrane and is made up of a core of actin microfilaments Destruction of this structure can result in malabsorption. Found in jejunum

A

Microvilli

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2
Q

Apical modification of the cell that are long and sometimes branching. Also made up of Microfilaments or actin molecules. They are found in places like the epididymis and vas defers.

A

Stereocilia

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3
Q

Associated with intracellular transport, cell motility including movement of the cilia and mitotic spindle. Also helps maintain the cell shape and polarity. Made up of tubular protein subunits.

A

Microtubules

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4
Q

Degrades toxic reactive oxygen molecules and alcohol.

A

Peroxisomes

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5
Q

Has membrane bound ribosomes abundant in cells specialized in protein synthesis

A

RER

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6
Q

Digestive organelle has hydrolytic enzymes

A

lysosomes

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7
Q

Pseudopodia engulfing particle

A

Pagocytosis

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8
Q

Packaging and modification of protein

A

Golgi

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9
Q

Abundant in cells that specialize in lipid metabolism

A

SER

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10
Q

Condensed chromatin matter, less transcriptionally active

A

heterochromatic

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11
Q

less condensed chromatin matter, more transcriptionally active

A

euchromatic

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12
Q

John placed a RBC in hypotonic solution, what is the out come?

A

the cell will gain water

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13
Q

A malignant tumor that originates from epithelial tissue and may affect glands that are involved with secretion is called?

A

Carcinoma

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14
Q

A malignant tumor growing from connective tissues such as cartilage, muscle and bones is called a?

A

Sarcoma

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15
Q

A tumor that is locally invasive. This tumor can become progressively worse and can potentially result in death. It can grow and invade surrounding tissues

A

Malignant disease

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16
Q

A tumor that lacks the ability to spread (uterine fibroids)

A

benign tumor

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17
Q

Genes whose protein products control cell growth

A

proto-oncogene

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18
Q

What type of collagen do reticular fibers have?

A

Type III collagen

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19
Q

Where would you find type I collagen?

A

Dermis, tendons, bones, strong

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20
Q

What filaments do spinous have?

A

desmosomes

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21
Q

What filaments do basale have?

A

desmosomes and hemidesmosomes

22
Q

Na/K pump, what type of membrane transport is this?

A

Primary active transport

23
Q

A 24 year old man is diagnosed with a leading cell tumor in the right testis that resulted in the secretion of high levels of testosterone, a steroid hormone. Which of the following best describes the cellular organelle that would be the predominant in this cell type?

A

Smooth ER

24
Q

What describes the phase of the cell cycle characterized by DNA replication?

A

S phase

25
Q

Malignant neoplasm that originates from the epithelial tissue?

A

Carcinoma

26
Q

What protein forms the cilia and flagella?

A

Microtubules

27
Q

What links the cytoplasm of contiguous cells?

A

Gap junctions

28
Q

What type of epithelium lines the trachea and bronchi?

A

Pseudostratified columnar

29
Q

What is the major component of the ground substance of connective tissue?

A

Hyaluronic acid

30
Q

What is exclusively found in compact bone?

A

Osteons

31
Q

What tissue would degenerate covering the articular surfaces of your metacarpophalangeal joints?

A

Hyaline cartilage

32
Q

a 32 year old man presents to his MD with pain and swelling on the top of his right foot. He reports a large cement block fell on his foot at his contrition worksite. X-ray confirms FX in navicular and second cuneiform bones in the foot. What type of joint is likely effected?

A

Planar

33
Q

when comparing intramembranous versus endochondral bone formation, which of the following best describes a characteristic feature found exclusively in endochondral ossification?

A

Formation of hyaline cartilage model

34
Q

Prophase

A

Chromosomes in the middle circle

35
Q

Anaphase

A

sister chromatids start to separate

36
Q

Telophase

A

starting to form 2 cells

37
Q

Interphase

A

2 separate cells

38
Q

A woman suffered second degree burns on her head and neck. Which layers of the skin were affected?

A

Epidermis and Dermis

39
Q

What describes a malignant neoplasm of glandular epithelium?

A

Adenocarcinoma

40
Q

Which layer of the epidermis is characterized by the presence of dark staining keratohyalin protein granules?

A

Stratum granulosum

41
Q

Which layer of the epidermis contains Merkel cells?

A

stratum basale

42
Q

Which layer of the epidermis contains stem cells?

A

Stratum basale

43
Q

Epithelium:

A

Covering

44
Q

Connective Tissue:

A

Support

45
Q

Muscle Tissue:

A

Movement

46
Q

Nervous tissue:

A

control

47
Q

Hematoxylin

A

blue black dye that binds to basophilic molecules

48
Q

Eosin

A

Red dye that bind to eosinophilic or acidophilic

49
Q

Ground substance stains with…

A

PAS stain

50
Q

Anchoring junction that has filaments anchoring to the opposite side

A

Desmosomes

51
Q

Helps in basal anchorage

A

Hemidesmosomes

Anatomy Charter (4 decks)

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