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Pharm > Block 1 > Flashcards

Block 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Codeine & Pholcodone

A

Opiod that acts as an antitussive. Constipation can be a side effect

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2
Q

Albuterol

A

SABA Beta-2 selective agonist used against acute asthma attacks

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3
Q

Beclomethasone, Budesonide, Fluticasone

A

Inhaled glucocorticoid used to lower inflammation in asthma pt’s

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4
Q

Prednisone, Prednisolone, Methylprednisolone

A

Oral glucocorticoid used to lower inflammation in asthma pt’s

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5
Q

Salmeterol & Formoterol

A

LABA Beta-2 specific agonist, usually unsuitable for acute bronchospasm attack. Acts for 12 hrs

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6
Q

Montelukast & Zafirlukast

A

Oral Leukotriene Antagonist used in conjunction with glucocorticoids.

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7
Q

Ipratropium & Tiotropium

A

Peripheral anti-msucarinic used in COPD (can be used in elderly people with asthma)

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8
Q

Omalizumab

A

Chimeric IgG antibody that targets the Fc portion of IgE antibodies –> Blocks IgE from binding to Mast Cells and Basophils

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9
Q

Theophylline

A

Adenosine antagonizer and phosphodiesterase inhibitor, used as a third line drug with bronchodilators in asthma and COPD

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10
Q

Cromolyn & Nedocromil Sodium

A

Mast Cell stabilizer that inhibits eosinophil accumulation. They have a delayed onset (4-6 weeks of tx needed for effect)

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11
Q

Epinephrine

A

Adrenergic agonist, works on alpha 1, 2, and Beta 1, 2. Used in anaphalaxis

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12
Q

NE

A

Adrenergic agonist that works on alpha 1, 2, and Beta 1 receptors. Used in severe hypotensive states

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13
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Alpha 1 specific adrenergic agonist. Vasoconstrictor and deongestant. Also used to produce mydriasis in a retinal exam, and can treat severe hypotension and shock

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14
Q

Clonidine

A

Alpha 2 specific adrenergic agonist. Antihypertensive, that causes rebound hypertension if you stop taking it abruptly.

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15
Q

alpha-methyldopa

A

Alpha 2 specific adrenergic agonist. Antihypertensive used in pregnancy

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16
Q

Isoproterenol

A

Beta 1 and 2 specific adrenergic agonist. Only used in very severe asthma.

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17
Q

Terbutaline

A

Beta 2 specific adrenergic agonist. Used as a SABA, and used in suppressing uterine contractions

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18
Q

Dobutamine

A

Beta 1 specific adrenergic agonist. Used in Acute Cardiac Failure, to improve Cardiac Output. Also used in the treatment of cardiogenic shock

19
Q

Ephedrine

A

Indirectly-acting sympathomimetic (causes release of NE as well as E). Used as a nasal decongestant. Increases BP & CO!

20
Q

Amphetamine

A

Indirectly-acting sympathomimetic, used in ADHD

21
Q

Methylphenidate

A

Indirectly-acting sympathomimetic, used in ADHD (Ritalin)

22
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

Irreversible alpha blocker, can cause myocardial ischemia due to a rebound effect of increased NE. Only used for pheochromocytoma surgeries with a Beta-Blocker

23
Q

Phentolamine

A

Alpha blocker given IV in hypertensive crises

24
Q

-AZOSIN (Prazosin, Terazosin, Doxazosin)

A

Alpha 1 blocker, that lowers blood pressure. Causes floppy iris in cataract surgery

25
Q

Tamulosin

A

Alpha 1A blocker that improves urinary flow in BPH

26
Q

Propanolol

A

Beta blocker used in hyperthyroidism

27
Q

Timolol

A

Beta blocker used in glaucoma

28
Q

Sotalol

A

Beta blocker, that also acts as an anti-arrhythmic. Used after an Acute MI

29
Q

Metopropolol and Bispropolol

A

Beta-1 blocker used in Chronic Cardiac Failure

30
Q

Atenolol

A

Beta-1 specific blocker

31
Q

Esmolol

A

Beta-1 specific blocker with a very short half-life

32
Q

Carvedilol

A

Alpha-1 and Beta Blocker used in chronic cardiac failure

33
Q

Nevibolol

A

Beta-1 blocker that is also an NO-potentiating vasodilator, used in Cardiac Failure

34
Q

Botulinum Toxin

A

Inhibits ACh release

35
Q

Muscarine

A

Classic muscarinic agonist

36
Q

Bethanechol

A

Muscarinic Agonist

37
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Muscarinic Agonist

38
Q

Edrophonium

A

Short-acting AChE inhibitor. Used to test for Myasthenia Gravis

39
Q

Neostigmine & Pyridostigmine

A

Used in tx of myasthenia gravis, and reverse the NMJ blockade to stop paralysis

40
Q

Physostigmine

A

Glaucoma and treating atropine poisoning. It can cross the BBB

41
Q

Donazepil & Tacrine

A

Used to treat Alzheimer’s

42
Q

Dopamine

A

Alpha-1 and Beta-1 Agonist that will increase BP by vasoconstriction and improving cardiac output

43
Q

Cocaine

A

Blocks Na/K ATPase. Prevents reuptake of NE, Serotonin, and DA. Can cause hypertension, Cardiac ischemia & infarction, and cardiac arrhythmias

Pharm (2 decks)

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