Block 1

Question 1

what is needed in order to be considered a population

Answer 1

a shared characteristic of any kind

Question 2

what is a ratio

Answer 2

unrelated number/unrelated number

X/Y

Question 3

what is a proportion

Answer 3

the division of 2 numbers where the numerator is a subset of the denominator

subset of A/A

Question 4

is a rate, ratio, or proportion always between 0-1 (0%-100%)

Answer 4

proportion

Question 5

what is a rate

Answer 5

the division of 2 numbers where the time is a unit in the denominator

X/unit of time

Question 6

with an absolute comparison, you _
with a relative comparison, you _

Answer 6

absolute= subtract
relative= divide

Question 7

what does incidence measure

Answer 7

the number of new cases of a disease in a population

Question 8

what does prevalence measure

Answer 8

the number of existing cases of a disease in a population

Question 9

incidence is a measure of __
prevalence is a measure of __

Answer 9

incidence= risk
prevalence= burden

Question 10

what is the equation for incidence

Answer 10

of new cases/# of people at risk

Question 11

what is the equation for prevalence

Answer 11

or existing cases/total population

Question 12

what is the equation for the relationship between incidence, incidence rate, and duration of disease

Answer 12

P/(1-P)= IR (D)

Question 13

what is the equation for the relationship between incidence, incidence rate, and duration of disease if the disease is rare

Answer 13

P= IR (D)

Question 14

incidence is used for a __ population which incidence rate is used for a __ population

Answer 14

incidence= closed
incidence rate= open

Question 15

what are the 3 requirements in order to count someone at risk

Answer 15

have the body part
not have the disease
be alive

Question 16

what is incidence rate

Answer 16

the number of new cases divided by the number of person years

Question 17

what is an endemic

Answer 17

when a disease is continuously present in a geographic area

Question 18

what is an epidemic

Answer 18

when the incidence of a disease is increasing above the normal expected incidence

Question 19

what is a pandemic

Answer 19

when there is a global epidemic of a particular disease

Question 20

what 3 features are relevant in exposure curves

Answer 20

date of exposure
date of disease onset
incubation period

Question 21

what are the 4 types of exposure epidemic curves

Answer 21

continuous
person-person
common vehicle
seasonal

Question 22

what is attack rate

Answer 22

incidence of symptoms in people with exposure status

Question 23

what is the equation for attack rate

Answer 23

of people developing symptoms/total # of people with exposure

Question 24

what is proportionate mortality

Answer 24

measure of how much a particular cause of death contributes to death overall

ex: # of deaths from cause X/total number of deaths

Question 25

what is mortality rate

Answer 25

of people who died of a specific disease/total # of people in the population at risk of dying from that condition

Question 26

what is an all cause mortality rate

Answer 26

people who have died of any cause/total population size

Question 27

what is case fatality rate

Answer 27

of people who died of the disease/# of people who contracted the disease

Question 28

how does life expectancy compare to life span

Answer 28

life expectancy<life span