Bleeding in Pregnancy

Question 1

What is presentation of ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 1

6-8 weeks amenorrhoea. Initially, unilateral lower abdominal pain. Later, vaginal bleeding.

Question 2

What is presentation of threatened miscarriage?

Answer 2

Painless vaginal bleeding, 6-9 weeks. Cervical os is closed (if os is open, inevitable miscarriage).

Question 3

What is presentation of missed miscarriage?

Answer 3

Light bleeding with loss of pregnancy symptoms.

Question 4

What is presentation of complete miscarriage?

Answer 4

All foetal tissue passed, little bleeding.

Question 5

What is presentation of incomplete miscarriage?

Answer 5

Heavy bleeding with crampy lower abdominal pain.

Question 6

What is presentation of hydatidiform mole?

Answer 6

Bleeding in first or early second trimester, associated with exaggerated symptoms of pregnancy. Serum hCG very high.

Question 7

What is presentation of placental abruption?

Answer 7

Constant lower abdominal pain. High level of shock. Foetal HR may be distressed. Second or third trimester.

Question 8

What is presentation of placental praevia?

Answer 8

Painless vaginal bleeding in third trimester.

Question 9

What is presentation of vasa praevia?

Answer 9

Rupture of membrane followed immediately by vaginal bleeding.