BLAST FURNACE Flashcards
What are the raw materials used in the blast furnace?
Hematite (iron ore)
Coke (carbon)
Limestone
What is the purpose of the blast furnace?
Extraction of iron
What is the word formula of hematite?
Iron (III) oxide
What is the purpose of the coke?
Reducing iron oxide to iron metal
What is the purpose of the limestone?
Take away impurities in the form of slag
What is the temperature in the blast furnace?
1500 degrees
What is the first reaction to take place in the blast furnace in the reduction of iron involving coke?
C + O2 –> CO2
What is the second reaction to take place in the blast furnace in the reduction of iron involving the CO2 from the first reaction?
CO2 + C –> 2CO
What is the second reaction to take place in the blast furnace involving the CO2 from the first reaction?
CO2 + C –> 2CO
What is the third reaction to take place in the blast furnace in the reduction of iron involving carbon monoxide from the second reaction?
3CO + Fe2O3 –> 2Fe + 3CO2
What is the useful component of hematite?
Iron (III) oxide
What type of reaction is the first reaction in the blast furnace?
(C + O2 –> CO2)
Combustion reaction
What type of reaction is the third reaction in the blast furnace?
(3CO + Fe2O3 –> 2Fe + 3CO2)
Redox reaction
What is the main impurity in hematite?
Silicon dioxide (sand)
What is the chemical formula of silicon dioxide?
SiO2
What is the chemical formula of limestone?
CaCO3
What is the first reaction in the blast furnace involved in the removal of impurities?
CaCO3 –> CaO + CO2
What is the second reaction in the blast furnace involved in the removal of impurities, involving the CaO from first reaction?
CaO + SiO2 –> CaSiO3
What type of reaction is the second reaction in the removal of impurities from the blast furnace?
Neutralisation reaction
What is the term we use for CaSiO3?
Molten slag
How do we get rid of the molten slag from the blast furnace?
We tap it off
Why can we tap off the molten slag?
Because it is less dense than the molten iron so will form the top layer.
Why do we need to remove the silicon dioxide from the iron?
Iron with silicon dioxide in it is brittle.