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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Give an example of a transverse wave and describe the parts of the wave

A

Example: ripples on water surface
Parts: crest, trough, amplitude, wavelength, and resting point.

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2
Q

Give an example of a compressional wave and describe the parts of the wave

A

Example: sound wave
Parts: rarefaction, compression, and wavelength.

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3
Q

The sun shines through a light rain creating a rainbow. What property of light waves is being demonstrated. Explain your answer.

A

A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. It takes the form of a multicoloured circular arc. Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the section of sky directly opposite the sun.

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4
Q

Explain how the wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to the amount of energy in a wave.

A

The more the energy means the smaller the wavelength. So, the less the energy the longer the wavelength. That is the relationship between them.

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5
Q

You are standing in a large empty building and as you talk you can hear your voice return to you after a second or two. What property of waves is being demonstrated. Explain your answer.

A

Sound waves being reflected back to you

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6
Q

What property of the sun controls the orbits of the planets?

A

The gravity of the Sun keeps the planets in their orbits. They stay in their orbits because there is no other force in the Solar System which can stop them.

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7
Q

The inner four planets of our solar system are described by what term?

A

Terrestrial planets

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8
Q

Place the planets in the correct order with the planet closest to the sun.

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto

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9
Q

The orbits of most planets are what shape?

A

Elliptical

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10
Q

Objects in galaxies are held together by _______

A

Gravitational Pull/ or gravity

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11
Q

What occurs during a lunar eclipse?

A

A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes directly behind Earth and into its shadow. This can occur only when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are exactly or very closely aligned, with Earth between the other two

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12
Q

What phase of the moon does a lunar eclipse occur during?

A

Full moon

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13
Q

What type of eclipse is pictured in the diagram.

A

I don’t know maybe a lunar or solar or partial solar or partial lunar

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14
Q

Know the phases of the moon by their position in orbit

A

I think I know them

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15
Q

When the illuminated part of the moon appears to get smaller each night, the phases are said to be ___.

A

Waning

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16
Q

When the visible part of the moon increases each night, the moon is said to be ___.

A

Waxing

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17
Q

The average daily temperature in the northern hemisphere is coldest when ______.

A

WHEN THE SUN RAYS HIT THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE AT AN INDIRECT ANGLE

18
Q

Because the sun’s rays strike different parts of the Earth at different angles throughout the year, we have ______.

A

Seasons

19
Q

The seasons are the result of the ______ tilt of the earths ____ as it orbits the sun

A

Earth has seasons because our planet’s axis of rotation is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees

20
Q

As the Earth revolves around the sun the Earth’s axis _________.

A

Points the same directions

21
Q

When is Earth’s axis tilted neither toward nor away from the sun?

A

The Equinox (Vernal & Autumnal) There are only two times of the year when the Earth’s axis is tilted neither toward nor away from the sun

22
Q

At the start of what season is the sun lowest in the sky?

A

Winter

23
Q

What is true about the Moon’s rotation?

A

That is rotates and revolves at the same speed

24
Q

When the northern hemisphere is experiencing winter the souther hemisphere is experiencing____.

A

Summer

25
Q

A scientist observes the same craters on the surface of the moon everyday because ____

A

We only see one side because the rotation and speed of the moon is the same

26
Q

What is the darkest part of the shadow called?

A

Umbra

27
Q

The lighter part of the shadow is called the _______.

A

Penumbra

28
Q

Why do we not have an eclipse every new and full moon?

A

The moons orbit is tilted 5 degrees

29
Q

How many tides occur in a 24 hour period?

A

4

30
Q

Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the ___.

A

Moon and sun

31
Q

How many high tides occur in a 24 hour period?

A

2

32
Q

What type of tides occurs when the high tides are highest and the low tides are lowest?

A

Neap

33
Q

Analog waves can carry more data than digital waves. True or False

A

False

34
Q

Analog wave are better for transmitting data because they do not degrade. True or False

A

False

35
Q

Describe the difference between mechanical and electromagnetic wave

A

Electromagnetic waves are waves that have no medium to travel whereas mechanical waves need a medium for its transmission

36
Q

Know the methods to find the wavelength, frequency or speed of a wave

A 
Speed = frequency X wavelength
Frequency= speed divided by wavelength
Wavelength = speed divided by frequency.
37
Q

Speed = frequency X wavelength

A

Frequency x Wavelength = Speed

38
Q

Frequency= speed divided by wavelength

A

Speed dived by wavelength = frequency

39
Q

Wavelength = speed divided by frequency.

A

Speed divided by frequency = wavelength

40
Q

Know the units for speed, frequency, and wavelength.

A

Speed is m/s
Frequency is hz
Wavelength is m

41
Q 
Match the type of wave with its uses. 
1.radio 
2.microwave 
3.infrared 
4.visible light 
5.ultraviolet 
6.xray 
7.gamma 
A.vision 
B.imaging the body 
C.sterilization of medical tools 
D.thermal imaging 
E.transmission of TV signals 
F.WiFi 
G.radiation therapy
A 
A-4
B-6
C-5
D-3
E-1
F-2
G-7

Mr. Field Science (4 decks)

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