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Black Scholars Bowl > Black History in America > Flashcards

Black History in America Flashcards

1
Q

What was the name of the laws established in the South beginning in the late 19th century where Black people couldn’t use the same public facilities as white people, live in many of the same towns, go to the same schools, marry interracially, etc.?

A

Jim Crow Laws

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2
Q

What is the name of the U.S. Supreme Court case that declared that facilities for Black and white people could be “separate but equal,” legally allowing for southern segregation?

A

Plessy v. Ferguson

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3
Q

Which U.S. President initiated a civil rights agenda and issued Executive Order 9981 in 1948 to end discrimination in the military?

A

Harry Truman

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4
Q

What is the name of the first Black military aviators in the U.S. Army, earning more than 150 Distinguished Flying Crosses?

A

Tuskegee Airmen

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5
Q

What does NAACP stand for?

A

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

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6
Q

What do historians call the period immediately following the Civil War where efforts were being made to reintegrate Southern states from the Confederacy and 4 million newly-freed people of African-descent, which began with the passage of the Reconstruction Act of 1867?

A

Reconstruction Period

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7
Q

What is the name of former President Abraham Lincoln’s proclamation declaring as of January 1, 1863, all enslaved people in the states currently engaged in rebellion against the Union [i.e. within the Confederacy] “shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free”?

A

Emancipation Proclamation

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8
Q

What is the title of the Act that prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin?

A

Civil Rights Act of 1964

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9
Q

Which amendment to the constitution guaranteed Black people equal protection under the law, stating: “No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”?

A

14th Amendment to the Constitution

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10
Q

Which amendment to the constitution granted Black American men the right to vote, stating: “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”

A

15th Amendment to the Constitution

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11
Q

Which amendment to the constitution granted women the right to vote, stating “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.”

A

19th Amendment to the Constitution

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12
Q

What is the title of the period in America, lasting from 1865-1877, where Congress passed laws giving former slaves their rights as free citizens, including the right to vote?

A

The Reconstruction Period

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13
Q

What year did the Voting Rights Act become law?

A

1965

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14
Q

What was the largest civil rights protest in America?

A

The March on Washington of 1963

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15
Q

What famous speech took place at the March on Washington in 1963?

A

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have A Dream” speech

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16
Q

Who is the founder of the United Negro College Fund?

A

Dr. Frederick D. Patterson

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17
Q

What is the title of Dr. Carter G. Woodson’s most famous book?

A

The Mis-Education of the Negro

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17
Q

Who is famously known as “The Father of Black History”?

A

Dr. Carter G. Woodson

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18
Q

Who founded Tuskegee Institute in Alabama to train Black teachers?

A

Booker T. Washington

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19
Q

What is the title of the restrictive laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force after slavery was abolished?

A

Black Codes

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20
Q

Who was a co-founder of the National Women’s Political Caucus and the first Black woman to be elected to serve in the U.S. Congress in 1971?

A

Shirley Chisholm

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21
Q

Who was the first Black American to receive a degree from Harvard?

A

Richard Greener

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22
Q

Who was the first recognized Black American cave explorer and the explorer of the Mammoth Cave, the world’s longest cave?

A

Stephen Bishop

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23
Q

Who was the first Black golfer to win the Masters?

A

Tiger Woods

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23
Q

What is the name of the first Black symphony founded in 1905?

A

Philadelphia Concert Orchestra

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24
Q

Who was the first Black American inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame?

A

Emlen Tunnell

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25
Q

Who was the first Black actress to receive an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress in the film Carmen Jones?

A

Dorothy Dandridge

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26
Q

Who was the founder and president of the first Black American national labor union in 1869?

A

Isaac Myers

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27
Q

Who was the first Black American professionally trained as a registered nurse in the United States?

A

Mary Mahoney

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28
Q

Who was the first Black American to play in the National Hockey League?

A

Val James

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29
Q

Who was the first Black American woman to be recognized as an award-winning composer?

A

Florence Price

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30
Q

Who was the first Black American to appear on the cover of Vogue magazine?

A

Beverly Johnson

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31
Q

Who was the first Black American to win a major tennis title in 1957?

A

Althea Gibson

32
Q

Who was the first Black American elected to serve in the U.S. Senate in 1870?

A

Hiram Revels

33
Q

What genre do music historians refer to as the first Black American music?

A

Spiritual

34
Q

What became the first Black-controlled company to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange?

A

BET

35
Q

Who was the first Black American appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court?

A

Thurgood Marshall

36
Q

Who was the first Black American to win the MVP award in baseball in 1949?

A

Jackie Robinson

37
Q

Who was the first Black American heavyweight boxing champion?

A

Jack Johnson

38
Q

Who was the first Black American to fly with the Blue Angels?

A

Donnie Cochran

39
Q

Which Tuskegee Airman was the first Black general of the Air Force?

A

Benjamin O. Davis

40
Q

Who was the first Black woman president of Spelman College?

A

Johnetta Cole

41
Q

Who was the first Black American to obtain a Ph.D. in Physics?

A

Edward Bouchet

42
Q

Who is the first Black, first South Asian American, and first female vice president?

A

Kamala Harris

43
Q

Who is the first Black astronaut to live and work at the international Space Station for an extended stay?

A

Victor J. Glover, Jr.

44
Q

Who is the current president of MSNBC and the first Black executive to run a major television news network?

A

Rashida Jones

45
Q

Who is Princeton’s first Black valedictorian?

A

Nicholas Johnson

46
Q

Who are the 20 year old co-founders of BlackGen Capital, Cornell University’s first Black investment fund?

A

Cheick Camara and Ermias Tadesse

47
Q

Who is the first Black woman to direct a Marvel film, directing Captain Marvel 2?

A

Nia DaCosta

48
Q

Who is the first Black woman to run a self-driving car company?

A

Aicha Evans

49
Q

Who is the first Black female to write a novel, “The Bondwoman’s Narrative.”

A

Hannah Crafts

50
Q

Who was the first African American to write and direct a major Hollywood motion picture in 1969?

A

Gordon Parks

51
Q

Who is the American sociologist, socialist, historian, and Pan-Africanist civil rights activist who formed the sociological theory of Double Consciousness - putting racialization at the center of the analysis of self-formation, linking the macro structure of the racialized world with the lived experiences of racialized subjects.

A

W.E.B Du Bois

52
Q

Who is the American abolitionist, orator, writer, and social reformer who rose to fame with the 1845 publication of his first book, a biography narrating his life as an American slave and journey to liberation?

A

Frederick Douglass

53
Q

Who is the American educator and philanthropist that served as one of the earliest black female activists, served as an advisor to U.S. Presidents, started the Daytona Literary and Industrial Training Institute for Negro Girls in 1904, and founded the college now known as Bethune-Cookman University?

A

Mary McLeod Bethune

54
Q

Who is the American author, anthropologist, and filmmaker who portrayed racial struggles in the early 1900s American South? Her most popular novel is “Their Eyes Were Watching God,” published in 1937.

A

Zora Neale Hurston

55
Q

Who is the American author, poet, and civil rights activist who wrote the famous poems “And Still I Rise” and “I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings”? She received dozens of awards and more than 50 honorary degrees in her lifetime.

A

Maya Angelou

56
Q

Who is the only Black woman currently leading a Fortune 500 firm in 2024?

A

Rosalind Brewer

57
Q

Who is the lead scientist on the Moderena Covid-19 vaccine team?

A

Dr. Kizzmekia S. Corbett

58
Q

Who is the youngest inaugural poet (22y/o) in U.S. history?

A

Amanda Gorman, 22

59
Q

Who is the journalist, newspaper publisher, civil rights activist, mentor to the Little Rock Nine, and speaker at the March on Washington? Through her newspaper, she documented the battle to end segregation in Arkansas.

A

Daisy Bates

60
Q

Who is the female political activist, celebrated orator, co-founder of the Freedom Democratic Party, and co-organizer of Freedom Summer?

A

Fanny Lou Hammer

61
Q

Who is the influential scholar, professor, public intellectual in the domains of race, feminism, and education who wrote many thought-provoking books including the famous book, “All About Love”? Cornel West is known for saying “Hooks’s books help us not only decolonize our minds, souls and bodies; on a deeper level, they touch our lives.”

A

Bell Hooks

62
Q

Who is the American writer, professor, philosopher, radical feminist, civil rights activist, and poet writing the famous poem: “Coal” in 1968?

A

Audre Lorde

63
Q

Who is the Nobel Prize- and Pulitzer Prize-winning American novelist, editor, and professor who wrote the critically acclaimed Song of Solomon?

A

Toni Morrison

63
Q

Who is the pioneering civil rights leader, educator, and the advisor for the Oklahoma City NAACP Youth Council in 1957? Her efforts launched the nation’s sit-in movement.

A

Clara Luper

64
Q

Who is the American Muslim minister and human rights activist that served as a prominent figure during the civil rights movement? He was a spokesman for the Nation of Islam and a vocal advocate for Black empowerment.

A

Malcolm X

65
Q

Who is the highly influential American poet and author who is the first African American to win the Pulitzer Prize?

A

Gwendolyn Brooks

66
Q

Who is the American playwright whose work often focuses on the experience of working-class people, particularly black people and received a Pulitzer Prize for Drama twice for her plays: Ruined and Sweat?

A

Lynn Nottage

67
Q

Who is the American novelist who won multiple Pulitzer Prizes for his novels? His most famous book is “The Underground Railroad” published in 2016.

A

Colson Whitehead

68
Q

Who is the attorney and civil rights activist who wrote the famous book, “The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness” in 2010?

A

Michelle Alexander

69
Q

Who is the American author, journalist, and activist who gained a wide readership during his time as national correspondent at The Atlantic, where he wrote about cultural, social, and political issues, particularly regarding African Americans and white supremacy?

A

Ta-Nehisi Coates

70
Q

Who is the pioneering scholar and writer on civil rights, critical race theory, Black feminist legal theory, and race, racism and the law whose work has been foundational in critical race theory and in “intersectionality,” a term she coined to describe the double bind of simultaneous racial and gender prejudice?

A

Kimberle Crenshaw

71
Q

Who is the American literary critic, professor, historian, and Emmy Award-winning filmmaker who hosted several PBS series that examine U.S. history, and in 2018, he created a course at Harvard University that teaches that there is no one way to be Black?

A

Henry Louis Gates, Jr.

72
Q

Who is the African American philosopher, theologist, political activist, social critic, actor, professor, and public intellectual whose primary philosophy focuses on race, gender, and class struggle in American society? He has written 20 books and his best known books, Race Matters and Democracy Matters.

A

Cornel West

73
Q

Who is the American Marxist and feminist political activist, philosopher, academic, and author who was a major figure in the prison abolition movement? She called the United States prison system the “prison-industrial complex” and was one of the founders of Critical Resistance.

A

Angela Davis

74
Q

Who is the American philosopher, professor, and an authority on the improvement of race relations who wrote the book, “Reflections on Segregations, Desegregation, Power and Morals,” in 1967 which explored the arbitrary use of language such as “White” and “Negro” to control human perceptions and interaction.

A

William Fontaine

75
Q

Who is the African American professor of educational psychology who worked on indigenous ancient African history, culture, education and society and wrote “Sba the Reawakening of the African Mind”?

A

Asa Hilliard

76
Q

Who is one of the leading authorities on housing policy that wrote the book “The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America” in 2017?

A

Richard Rothstein

77
Q

What is the name of the critically acclaimed novel written by Alice Walker that depicts the life and self-realization of Celie, a dark-skinned Black woman who overcomes oppression and abuse to find fulfillment and independence? This book has gone on to be adapted into two films and a stage musical.

A

The Color Purple

78
Q

Who is the American abolitionist, former slave, and civil and women’s rights advocate in the 19th century whose book, “Aint I a Woman?” is the text of a speech she delivered in 1851 at the Women’s Convention in Akron, Ohio which called for women’s voting rights?

A

Sojourner Truth

Black Scholars Bowl (6 decks)

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