Births, Deaths and Populations Flashcards
List the key features of a census.
Run by the government. Covers defined area. Personal or household enumeration. Takes place at one particular time. Occurs at regular intervals. Universal coverage.
Define the term, “Census”.
Simultaneous recording by the government of demographic data pertaining to all persons in a defined area.
What are the uses of a census?
Allocation of resources. Projections of population. Showing trends of population (eg. age and ethnicity). Measuring population characteristics such as depravity.
Define Crude Birth Rate (CBR).
The number of live births per 1000 population.
Define General Fertility Rate (GFR).
Number of live births per 1000 women aged 15-44.
Define Total Period Fertility Rate (TPFR).
The average number of children born to a hypothetical woman in her life. (artificial value).
Define Crude Death Rate (CDR).
The number of deaths per 1000 population.
Define Age-Specific Death Rates (ASDR).
The number of deaths per 1000 in age groups.
Define Standard Mortality Ratio (SMR).
Ratio of observed deaths to expected deaths based on the age-sex distribution using a reference population.
Define Fecundity.
The physical ability to reproduce.
What affects fecundity?
Age (puberty and menopause). Sterilisation and hysterectomies.
Define Fertility.
Realisation of fecundity as live births.
What affects fertility?
Fecundity. Sexual activity (linked to economy among other factors). Contraception. Abortions and miscarriages.
How is mortality data used?
Classify cause(s) of death > analyse patterns in morbidity rates > identify health problems > inform service needs.
How is population estimated?
Apply what is known about birth, deaths and migration to the present.
