Birth Defects

Question 1

Anencephaly

Answer 1

Absence of a large part of the brain & skull

Question 2

Spina Bifida

Answer 2

Congenital defect of the spine, spinal cord exposed through a gap in the backbone

Question 3

Arhinencephaly/Holoprosencephaly

Answer 3

forebrain of the embryo fails to develop into 2 hemispheres causing facial defects

Question 4

Hydrocephaly

Answer 4

fluid accumulates in the brain enlarging the head and causing brain damage

Question 5

Anophthalmos/Microphthalmos

Answer 5

eye abnormality where one or both eyes are absent

Question 6

Anotia/Microtia

Answer 6

Absence of the EXTERNAL EAR

Question 7

Transposition of Great Vessels

Answer 7

heart defect, Vessels (Aorta and pulmonary artery) are switched

Question 8

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 8

heart defect, change normal flow of blood through the heart

Question 9

Down syndrome

Answer 9

chromosomal defect, intellectual disability, weak muscle tone, characteristic facial appearance

Question 10

Cerebral Palsy

Answer 10

impaired muscle coordination and disabilities caused by damage to the brain

Question 11

Autism

Answer 11

mental condition affects the brains normal development of social and communication skills

Question 12

Aglossia

Answer 12

Absence of the tongue

Question 13

Albinism

Answer 13

Albino, little or no color (pigment) in the skin, hair, and eyes

Question 14

Brachydactlia

Answer 14

shorting of FINGERS and toes due to unusually short bones

Question 15

Anirida

Answer 15

partial/complete absence of the iris

Question 16

Cleft foot and hand

Answer 16

single cleft extends from the foot/hand (claw)

Question 17

Heterochromia

Answer 17

different colored eyes in the same person

Question 18

Dwarnian ear

Answer 18

deformity of the helix part of the baby’s ear

Question 19

Club foot

Answer 19

deformed foot, twisted sole cannot be placed flat on the ground

Question 20

Chromatelopsia

Answer 20

color blindness, visual defect

colorless objects appear to be tinged with color

Question 21

Polydatyly

Answer 21

more than 5 fingers or toes on one or on each hand or foot

Question 22

Small intestine atresia/stenosis

Answer 22

disconnected or narrowing of the small intestine

Question 23

Anorectal atresia/stenosis

Answer 23

narrowing of the anal canal

Question 24

Hypospadias

Answer 24

congenital condition in males, opening of urethra is on the underside of the penis

Question 25

Indeterminate sex

Answer 25

genital organs are not usually male or female

Question 26

Renal agenesis

Answer 26

one or both fetal kidneys fail to develop

Question 27

Cystic kidney

Answer 27

cysts on kidneys reducing function and leading to kidney failure

Question 28

Trisomy 18

Answer 28

born small and frail, health problems and physical defects caused by error in cell division

Question 29

Trisomy 13

Answer 29

severe intellectual disability and physical abnormalities, 3 copies of chromosome 13

Question 30

Gastroschisis

Answer 30

intestines stick out of body through defect on one side of the umbilical cord

Question 31

Omphalocele

Answer 31

intestines stick out of the BELLY BUTTON

Question 32

Diaphragmatic hernia

Answer 32

abnormal opening in the diaphragm that helps you breath

Question 33

Limb reduction defects

Answer 33

part of or entire arm or leg fails to form completely (reduced from its normal size or is missing)

Question 34

Hydroplastic left heart syndrome

Answer 34

parts of the left side of the heart does not develop

Question 35

Coarctation of aorta

Answer 35

narrowing part of the aorta

Question 36

Cleft palate without cleft lip

Answer 36

roof of mouth does not completely close, opening on roof

Question 37

Cleft lip with or without cleft palate

Answer 37

lip doesn’t form completely

Question 38

Esophageal atresia

Answer 38

digestive system disorder, esophagus (swallowing tube) does not develop properly