Birmingham Flashcards
Why did the UK’s cities grow?
Jobs in factories during Industrial Revolution attracted people to cities.
How did the UK’s population increase during the 18th Century?
From 5 million in 1700 to 9 million in 1801.
Why did London develop?
Due to its position and status as capital of the UK. The most important political and financial buildings located there.
Why did London’s young population grow?
Opportunity for regular, well-paid work. Entertainment, theatres & fashion on offer.
What did London’s urban young work as?
Domestic servants to aristocratic families. Apprentices to London’s tradesmen.
What % of the British population lived in London by 1800?
Nearly 10%.
Why did Birmingham grow?
Positioned in the centre of the UK and had industrial links.
Why have the UK’s coastal areas attracted people?
Cities have grown here because of availability of sheltered bays and river estuaries, suitable for building harbours and ports.
Why did many northern cities grow?
Valuable minerals caused industries to develop e.g. Newcastle and Leeds developed through major coalfields.
How might the UK’s population distribution change in the future?
Since 1997, inward migration has exceeded outward migration. Immigrants tend to settle in large cities. More people moving to countryside e.g. to retire.
Where is Birmingham located?
In the geographic centre of England; in the centre of the West Midlands region.
What makes Birmingham an important city?
Home to approx. 31,000 companies. Over £13 billion investment in infrastructure. 200 law firms located there. Many global firms located there e.g. Fujitsu.
How do railway links make Birmingham an important transport hub?
Direct rail links to many UK cities. 2020 – New Street 5th busiest train station in UK. HS2 station being built in Curzon Street – can travel to London in 52 minutes.
How do aviation links Birmingham an important transport hub?
Birmingham Airport – 12.7 million passengers in 2019. Many destinations can be reached from Airport. Runway extended in 2014, allowing larger aircraft and further destinations.
How do we know that Birmingham is culturally diverse?
2018 – 1.1 million people from 187 different countries living in Birmingham.
What % of Birmingham’s population is aged 25 or under?
40%.
How has migration shaped Birmingham’s character?
Rich cultural heritage. Successful multi-cultural communities. Ethnic restaurants and cultural events. Polish Catholic Centre established in Digbeth in 1947.
How many universities are located in Birmingham?
5, including University of Birmingham.
Why is Birmingham an important international city?
Airport links to major European and non-European destinations. High levels of foreign direct investment. University of Birmingham attracts foreign students.
Identify opportunities in Birmingham: cultural mix.
Very diverse. Lots of religious landmarks e.g. Birmingham Central Mosque.
Identify opportunities in Birmingham: recreation and entertainment.
Lots of entertainment – Symphony Hall, Botanical Gardens, Royal Ballet. Michelin Star rated restaurants. The Balti Triangle – restaurants & curry houses.
Identify opportunities in Birmingham: employment.
70,000 jobs in tourist industry. Barclays has relocated to Birmingham. 171 foreign direct investment projects in 2017-18, creating 9,500 jobs.
Identify opportunities in Birmingham: integrated transport systems (ITS).
‘Birmingham Connected’ plan – new train system, cycle routes, walkways & improved rail links. Extension of Birmingham Metro.
Identify opportunities in Birmingham: urban greening.
‘Birmingham’s Green Vision’ plan – increase amount of green space in city. Encouraging use of allotments, creating walkable and cycleable neighbourhoods, creating green roofs.
