Bipolar Disorder and Depression Flashcards
major depressive disorder (mdd) = __________ depression
unipolar
what are some symptoms of mdd/unipolar depression
- chronic depressed mood
- fatigue
- low motivation
- anhedonia
- changes in appetite and sleep
- rumination
- suicidality
- comorbid w anxiety
what is the lifetime prevalence of mdd
approx 15-20%
bipolar disorder = ________ depression
bipolar
what do patients cycle between in bpd
cycles of mania and depression
for the 3 types of bpd, how are they differentiated
depends on the amount of time a person spends in mania and severity of symptoms
what are the differences in the biology of the three types of bpd
trick question! there are not necessarily are differences in biological underpinnings
t/f does a bipolar diagnosis stay w them for their whole life
true
what type of bpd is the following: the primary symptom presentation is mania (either MORE mania or LESS depressed), or rapid cycling episodes of mania and depression
type 1
how rapid are the cycling episodes for bpd type 1
rapid daily cycling
what type of bpd is the following: primary symptom presentation is recurrent depression accompanied by hypomanic episodes
type 2 bpd
is the state of mania for bpd type 2 heavy, mild, or light
it is mild - symptoms aren’t severe enough to cause marked impairment in social or occupational functioning or need for hospitalisation, but sufficient enough to be observed by others
what type of bpd is the following describing: a chronic state of cycling between hypomanic and depressive episodes that do not reach the diagnostic standard for bpd
cyclothymic disorder
does cyclothymic disorder have more or less severe symptoms than bpd 1 or 2
is has less severe symptoms
describe the characteristics of manic episodes (8)
- distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive or irritable mood lasting 1 week
- increased self esteem or grandiosity
- decreased need for sleep (eg feels rested after 3h)
- flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing
- more talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking
- distractibility (attention too easily drawn to unimportant or irrelevant external stimuli)
- increase in goal directed activity (socially, at work or school, or sexually) or psychomotor agitation (moving a lot and quick)
- excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that have a high potential for painful consequences (eg engaging in unrestrained buying sprees, sexual indiscretions, or foolish business investments)
what are the conditions for someone to be diagnosed with the manic side of bpd
lasting 1 week of mania - it can be shorter but during diagnosis they usually look for longer or if they needed to hospitalize you (if hospital, any duration)
describe the characteristics of depressive episodes (9)
- depressed mood most of the day
- diminished interest or pleasure in all or most activities
- significant unintentional weight loss or gain
- insomnia or sleeping too much
- agitation or psychomotor retardation noticed by others
- fatigue or loss of energy
- feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
- diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness
- recurrent thoughts of death or suicide
what is the % of genetic component affecting bpd
70-80%
how many genes causes bpd
many, not one single
genetic susceptibility for bpd shares more in common w ____________ than ____________
schizophrenia, unipolar (MDD)
when is the onset of bpd
post-adolescent/early adult (similar to schiz)
% prevalence worldwide
1-2%
what is the difference between the prevalence of bpd in males and females
equal prevalence
what happens to the illness when you don’t have treatment
it gets worse
