Bipolar Disorder Flashcards
1
Q
BD 1:
A
1 or more manic episode
May have been preceded by MD episode
2
Q
BD 2:
A
Current or past hypomanic episode and current/past MDE , never been manic
-Recent episode of hypomania, mixed/depression
3
Q
Manic Episode (1 wk)
A
- symptoms not due to substances/medical condition
- Inflated self-esteem
- Decreased need for sleep
- More talkative than usual
- Flight of ideas
- excessive involvement in pleasurable activities
4
Q
Hypo Manic Episode =4 days
A
- irritable mood
- elevated mood does not result in hospitalisation
- no psychosis
5
Q
Brain Abnormalities in Ventral Striatum
A
- Aids in processing rewards
- 30% reduction in grey matter
- tends to be overactive
6
Q
Brain abnormalities in Hippocampus
A
reduction in neuron connecting branches in subiculum of structure
-Subiculum = aids on the recognition of fear, may create a constant state of anxiety
7
Q
Brain abnormalities in Thalamus
A
31% more monamine binding sites (signal sending cells)
8
Q
Brain abnormalities in the brain stem (ventral)
A
- 28% more monoamine binding sites in the ventral brain (raphe)
- Home to serotonin cells is 40% smaller for persons with BPAD = low moods
9
Q
Other biological causes
A
- Increase in neurotransmitters
- Endocrine correlations (Elevated thyroid in avute manie)
- Vitamin Deficiency in B12
