Bipolar disorder Flashcards
Show the severity of different bipolar disorders compared to each other
Bipolar I is more severe than Bipolar II which is more severe than cyclothymia
Mania is defined as…
State of intense elation or irritability
What happens if someone has a ‘mixed episode’?
They experience the symptoms of both mania and depression
What is hypomania?
An episode with the symptoms of mania but less severe
4 or more days of elevated mood
Doesn’t interfere with functioning and doesn’t count as a diagnostic DSM-5 category
Symptoms of manic/hypomanic episodes
Pyschomotor agitation or increase in goal directed behaviour
Excessive talking or pressured speech
Flights of ideas or racing thoughts
Reduced need for sleep
Grandiosity or elevated self esteem
Easily distracted
Excessive involvement in pleasurable activities with negative consequences
Diagnosis for manic episode
Elevated, expansive or irritable mood
Plus 3 other symptoms (4 if irritable)
Symptoms last for 1 week or require hospitalisation
Symptoms cause significant distress and functional impairment
Diagnosis for hypomanic episodes
Elevated, expansive or irritable mood
Plus 3 other symptoms (4 if irritable)
Symptoms last for at least 4 days
There should be clear changes in function but not a marked impairment
Bipolar I criteria are…
At least one episode of mania or mixed episode
Bipolar II criteria are…
At least one MDD episode with at least one episode of hypomania
Cyclothymia criteria are…
Milder chronic form of bipolar disorder that lasts at least 2 years
Numerous periods with hypomanic and depressive symptoms
Prevalence rates for bipolar disorders
Prevalence lower than for MDD at 1% for bipolar I
Average age of onset is 20 yrs with no observable gender differences
Tends to be recurrent and is very serious
>1/3 are unemployed a year after hospitalisation
>Suicide rates are high amoung those with Bipolar disorder
The genetic factor in bipolar disorder
93% chance due to genetics
