biotechnology Flashcards
What is biotechnology?
Biotechnology is the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and the environment.
True or False: Biotechnology only involves genetic modification.
False
Fill in the blank: The process of altering the genetic material of an organism is known as __________.
genetic engineering
What is a plasmid?
A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA that can replicate independently of chromosomal DNA in bacteria.
Which of the following is a common application of biotechnology? A) Food production B) Medicine C) Environmental cleanup D) All of the above
D) All of the above
True or False: Cloning is a form of biotechnology.
True
What is recombinant DNA technology?
Recombinant DNA technology involves combining DNA from different organisms to create new genetic combinations.
Fill in the blank: __________ is a technique used to separate DNA fragments by size.
Gel electrophoresis
What are stem cells?
Stem cells are unspecialized cells that have the potential to develop into different cell types.
Which process uses yeast to produce alcohol?
Fermentation
True or False: All genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are harmful.
False
What is the purpose of using enzymes in biotechnology?
Enzymes are used to speed up biochemical reactions in various biotechnological processes.
Which type of organism is commonly used in genetic engineering?
Bacteria
Fill in the blank: The process of inserting foreign DNA into a host organism is called __________.
transformation
What is bioremediation?
Bioremediation is the use of living organisms to remove or neutralize contaminants from the environment.
Which of the following is a benefit of biotechnology in agriculture? A) Increased yield B) Pest resistance C) Reduced need for chemical pesticides D) All of the above
D) All of the above
True or False: All biotechnological products are derived from genetically modified organisms.
False
What is tissue culture?
Tissue culture is a technique used to grow cells or tissues in a controlled environment outside of their natural habitat.
Fill in the blank: __________ are proteins produced by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.
Antibodies
What is the role of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) in biotechnology?
PCR is used to amplify small segments of DNA, making millions of copies for analysis.
Which of the following is NOT a method of genetic modification? A) CRISPR B) Selective breeding C) Gene therapy D) Natural selection
D) Natural selection
True or False: Biotechnological advancements have no impact on healthcare.
False
What is the primary goal of gene therapy?
The primary goal of gene therapy is to treat or prevent diseases by modifying the genes responsible for the disease.
Fill in the blank: __________ is the process of creating a genetically identical copy of an organism.
Cloning
What are GM crops?
GM crops are plants that have been genetically modified to exhibit traits such as resistance to pests or improved nutritional content.
Which ethical concern is commonly associated with biotechnology?
The potential risks and consequences of genetic modification on health and the environment.
