Biotechnology Flashcards
1
Q
Define recombinant DNA technology
A
- Formation of new combinations of genes
- By isolating genes from one organism
- And introducing them into similar or unrelated organism
2
Q
Tools used in recombinant DNA technology
A
- R.E
- Cloning vectors
- Hosts
- Ligase
3
Q
What is R.E a.k.a Endonucleases?
Function of R.E?
A
- Degradative enzyme in many bacteria
- Protect the bacterial cell cutting up foreign DNA from other organism or phages
4
Q
Why restriction endonucleases will not cleave the bacterial cells’ own DNA?
A
- Protection via METHYLATION addition of methyl groups (-CH3) to Adenines and Cytosines within the sequences recognized by enzymes
5
Q
How RE cut DNA?
A
- RE is very specific
- RE recognizes sequence 4-8 nucleotides.
- cleaves both strand at a specific point within restriction site
- Different RE = Different restriction site
- Rxn site: palindrome
- sequence symmetrical
- sequence of nucleotides is the same on both strands when read in the 5’ > 3’ direction
6
Q
Examples of restriction enzymes
A
EcoRI and SmaI
7
Q
EcoRI produces ___ ends
A
Sticky ends
8
Q
SmaI produces ____ ends
A
Blunt ends
9
Q
What is sticky end?
A
- Single stranded end of DNA
10
Q
Importance of sticky end
A
- can pairs/ complements with the other sticky end which has been cut with the same RE
- Enable to bind fragments from different sources (DNA fragment from (TAK SIAP LAGI)
