Biotechnology Flashcards
what we can’t do in biotech
Make dinosaurs
Dragaons
hybirds
What we can do in biotech?
Purple tomatoes with high levels of anthocyanins
Sterile mosquitoes
Salmon with high growth hormone levels
Animals with florescent gene.
what we could do but is unethical
Engineer DNA to make babies more atheltic
What is biotechnology?
The characterization use and change of an organism using some technical process to the advantage of mankind and the enivronment.
Why do we need biotech?
World population is ever increasing
More food - selecting genes for better yields and increasing the diversity of crops.
less inputs with higher crop yields and increased profits.
Better medicines - people live longer, increases diseases so more medicines are needed.
Amount of arable land available is decreasing
how is bioech relavant?
Can create biofeuls that are more sustainable and have better outputs.
BIotech tabcco with higher yields
Stem cell research
DNA fingerprinting
Different types of biotech?
DIfferent generations
Different colours
WHat is 1st gen biotech?
conventional use, cultivation and improvement.
Breeding or selection:
Genetic variation is selectivly utilized.
Different forms of Brassica oleracea was developed from wild cabbage
Green Revolution:
Exponential increases in the yields of crops due to dedicated breeding and selection programs and improved agricultural practices.
Fermentation:
Beer brewing, making bread and wine. NB for economy and industries.
What is 2nd gen biotech?
In-vitro technology. (in glass)
techniques in which plants and tissues go through a sterile in vitro culturing phase.
Maintianig seedless cultures.
What is 3rd gen biotech?
Molecular markers:
Molecules that directly link to a specific genetic trait.
Phenotypes of plants can be predicted by analyzing DNA.
Genetic manipulation:
Direct addition of genetic material to an organism.
New genetic traits can be added or removed. - overexpress or knock out genes.
BIotech colours
Red: Health, medical, diagnostics
Yellow: food biotech, nutrition science
Blue: Aquaculture, coastal and marine biotech
Green: Agriculture, environmental biotech
Brown: arid zone and desert biotech
Dark: Bioterrorism, biowarfare, biocrimes
Purple: patents, publications, inventions, IPR’s
Gold: Bioinformatics and Nanobiotechnology
Grey: Classical fermentation and bioprocess technology.
GMO’s can occur naturally.
sweet potatoes and butterfly’s
GMO’s and humans
Made up of GMO’s. not harmful to humans.
GMO’s examples
Cotton - kills insects
Soybean - resistant to herbicide
White bt maize - insect resistant
Are biotech crops suitable for developing countries?
Some crops can not be suitable for certain areas even though they have been developed for the world market.
Insecticide resistant can vary year to year.
