Biotechnology

Question 1

What is technology?

Answer 1

Application of knowledge in the areas like engineering and medicine etc.

Question 2

What is biotechnology?

Answer 2

The technology in which living organisms are used in different ways to help and benefit human beings.

Question 3

which enzyme is used to unwind DNA?

Answer 3

helicase

Question 4

what is Primase and what does it do?

Answer 4

an enzyme
start the process, making a small piece of RNA called primer.

Question 5

What is genetic engineering?

Answer 5

is an advanced technology in which scientists select and isolate a useful gene from one organism & insert it into another organism usually a bacterium

Question 6

what is a donor organism?

Answer 6

is an organism in which a useful gene is selected & isolated.
ie which donates a useful gene

Question 7

what is a transgenic organism?

Answer 7

the organism that contains a foreign gene in its cells.

Question 8

What are plasmids?

Answer 8

Additional circular pieces of DNA present in the cytoplasm are called plasmids.

Question 9

what does act as a carrier of a foreign gene _________?

Answer 9

plasmid

Question 10

unicellular?

Answer 10

made up of only one cell

Question 11

Is bacteria singular or plural? what’s the other form called?

Answer 11

plural
singular- bacterium

Question 12

Process of mitosis in bacteria takes _______?

Answer 12

within 20 minutes

Question 13

What enzyme is used to cut genes from the donor organism?

Answer 13

Restriction enzymes

Question 14

What is recombinant DNA?

Answer 14

The attached gene of desired protein & the plasmid is collectively called Recombinant DNA

Question 15

what is genetic modification?

Answer 15

The change in the genes of an organism using biotechnology techniques. It is the modern method to change the characters of organisms.

Question 16

How the change in genes can be made?

Answer 16

by removal, addition or modification of genes.

Question 17

Insulin is produced in ______?

Answer 17

Pancreas

Question 18

What does insulin do?

Answer 18

It controls the glucose level in the blood.

Question 19

What if the pancreas doesn’t work properly?

Answer 19

the level of glucose in the blood rises, & the condition is known as diabetes mellitus.

Question 20

what are the major crops that have been modified?

Answer 20

maize 7 cwms rcp
canola
rice
potato
wheat
soybean
cotton

Question 21

What are the major roles of biotechnology in developing better health?

Answer 21

1) Identification of root causes of diseases,
2) production of medicines for fighting against diseases
3) curing and correcting genetic defeats

Question 22

diagnosis?

Answer 22

identification

Question 23

How is a normal gene transported into the body?

Answer 23

Scientists use vectors to deliver therapeutic DNA to the patient.

Question 24

Gene Therapy?

Answer 24

used to cure genetic and acquired diseases like cancer and AIDS,
defective genes are replaced by normal genes.

Question 25

Genetic Testing?

Answer 25

used for genetic diagnosis of inherited diseases. It involves the direct examination of DNA molecule. It is used to determine a person's ancestry and a child's paternity.

Question 26

If a child wants to know who his real father is? what can he do?

Answer 26

Genetic Testing

Question 27

cloning?

Answer 27

animal cloning can be used for the production of animal organs and strong, well-built livestock for the quality production of milk and meat

Question 28

how is cloning used for well-built livestock?

Answer 28

Some cows produce much more milk than others. By cloning these cows, farmers could make milk more quickly and cheaply. Scientists use special mice to study diseases like cancer. Cloning them could help scientists research how diseases progress.

Question 29

crop enemies?

Answer 29

weeds & insects

Question 30

what is B.T

Answer 30

It is a bacteria that makes proteins that are toxic to some insects when eaten. B.t. is a naturally occurring bacteria that is commonly found in soil and food. bacillus thuringiensis—— this gene causes the cells of the crops to produce insecticide in their leaves that kill insects that eat it.

Question 31

why is genetic testing important?

Answer 31

Genetic testing results could explain personal or family medical history as well as provide information for future health risks.

Question 32

What enzyme starts making the new strand of DNA?

Answer 32

An enzyme called DNA polymerase binds to the primer and will make the new strand of DNA.

Question 33

what happens after the bacteria become GM?

Answer 33

GM bacterium starts to divide and produces a bacterial colony. Every bacterium of the colony contains a copy of the gene of the desired protein. When the bacterial colony grows it starts making protein under the instructions of inserted gene.

Question 34

what are GMOs?

Answer 34

The organism whose genes are modified is called GMO.

Question 35

Where is the insulin extracted from?

Answer 35

The insulin prepared in GM bacteria is extracted from bacterial colonies and used.

Question 36

biotechnological products that could save lives?

Answer 36

Insulin: useful for diabetes Vaccines: used against many infectious diseases Growth hormone: Useful for stimulating growth Beta-endorphin: A painkiller drug Interferon: Anti-viral proteins