Biotech 101 Flashcards
What is biotechnology?
Biotechnology is the use of living organisms or their products to develop or create useful products.
True or False: Biotechnology only involves genetic engineering.
False
What are the two main types of biotechnology?
Red biotechnology (medical) and green biotechnology (agricultural).
Fill in the blank: The process of altering the genetic material of an organism is called __________.
genetic engineering
What is recombinant DNA technology?
Recombinant DNA technology is a method used to combine DNA from different sources.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a common application of biotechnology? A) Food production B) Pharmaceuticals C) Environmental cleanup D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the role of enzymes in biotechnology?
Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up biochemical reactions in various biotechnological processes.
True or False: Cloning is a form of biotechnology.
True
What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?
A GMO is an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
Fill in the blank: __________ is a technique used to amplify DNA sequences.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
What are stem cells?
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can develop into different cell types.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of stem cell? A) Embryonic B) Adult C) Fetal D) Synthetic
D) Synthetic
What does CRISPR stand for?
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats.
True or False: Biotechnology can be used for environmental remediation.
True
What is bioremediation?
Bioremediation is the use of microorganisms to remove pollutants from the environment.
Fill in the blank: The use of bacteria to produce insulin is an example of __________ biotechnology.
red
What is the purpose of gene therapy?
Gene therapy aims to treat or prevent disease by modifying genes.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a potential risk of biotechnology? A) Unintended consequences B) Ethical concerns C) Loss of biodiversity D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the main advantage of using genetically modified crops?
Genetically modified crops can be engineered for higher yields and resistance to pests and diseases.
True or False: Biotechnology has no impact on food safety.
False
What is synthetic biology?
Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary field that involves redesigning organisms for useful purposes by engineering them to have new abilities.
Fill in the blank: __________ is a method used to separate and analyze proteins.
Gel electrophoresis
What is the significance of the Human Genome Project?
The Human Genome Project was an international research effort to sequence and map all the genes of the human species.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a method of DNA sequencing? A) Sanger sequencing B) Next-generation sequencing C) Both A and B
C) Both A and B
True or False: Enzyme inhibitors are used in biotechnology.
True
What are monoclonal antibodies?
Monoclonal antibodies are antibodies that are made by identical immune cells that are all clones of a unique parent cell.
Fill in the blank: __________ are used to produce vaccines.
Biotechnological techniques
What is biopharming?
Biopharming is the use of genetically modified plants or animals to produce pharmaceuticals.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a benefit of using microbes in biotechnology? A) Rapid growth B) Low cost C) Ability to produce large quantities of products D) All of the above
D) All of the above
True or False: All biotechnological processes are safe and without risk.
False
What is the function of a vector in genetic engineering?
A vector is a DNA molecule used to deliver a gene or genes into a host cell.
Fill in the blank: __________ is a type of biotechnology that utilizes living organisms to create products.
Industrial biotechnology
What are the ethical concerns related to biotechnology?
Ethical concerns include genetic privacy, potential misuse of genetic information, and the impact on natural ecosystems.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a potential application of biotechnology in agriculture? A) Pest resistance B) Drought tolerance C) Enhanced nutritional content D) All of the above
D) All of the above
True or False: Biotechnology has no role in developing renewable energy sources.
False
What is bioinformatics?
Bioinformatics is the application of computer technology to the understanding and effective use of biological data.
Fill in the blank: __________ is a technique used to create a DNA profile.
DNA fingerprinting
What is the role of fermentation in biotechnology?
Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugars to acids, gases, or alcohol using microorganisms.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a biotechnology product? A) Insulin B) Antibiotics C) Fossil fuels D) Vaccines
C) Fossil fuels
True or False: Biotechnological advancements can lead to improved healthcare.
True
What is agricultural biotechnology?
Agricultural biotechnology involves using scientific tools and techniques to modify plants, animals, and microorganisms.
Fill in the blank: __________ can be used to develop disease-resistant crops.
Genetic modification
What is the importance of patenting in biotechnology?
Patenting helps protect the intellectual property of biotechnological inventions and encourages innovation.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a method of biotechnological research? A) Laboratory experiments B) Field trials C) Clinical trials D) All of the above
D) All of the above
