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Biostatistics & Epidemiology Lecture > Biostats M7-8 Canvas > Flashcards

Biostats M7-8 Canvas Flashcards

1
Q

10 Essential Public Health Services

—to Identify and solve community health problems

A

Monitor health status

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2
Q

10 Essential Public Health Services

—health problems and health hazards in the community

A

Diagnose and investigate

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3
Q

10 Essential Public Health Services

——people about health issues

A

Inform, educate, and empower

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4
Q

10 Essential Public Health Services

—to identify and solve health problems

A

Mobilize community partnerships

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5
Q

10 Essential Public Health Services

—that support individual and community health efforts

A

Develop policies and plans

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6
Q

10 Essential Public Health Services

—that protect and ensure safety

A

Enforce laws and regulations

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7
Q

10 Essential Public Health Services

—and assure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable

A

Link people to needed personal health services

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8
Q

10 Essential Public Health Services

—public and personal health care workforce

A

Assure a competent

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9
Q

10 Essential Public Health Services

—effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population based health services

A

Evaluate

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10
Q

10 Essential Public Health Services

—for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems

A

Research

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11
Q

Levels of disease prevention

Goal is to stop the disease form occurring BEFORE it happens

A

Primary Prevention

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12
Q

Levels of disease prevention

Goal is to TREAT DISEASE EARLY (after disease has occurred but before the person may know anything is wrong)

A

Secondary Prevention

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13
Q

Levels of disease prevention

Goal is to SEEK TO LESSEN the impact of the disease on the patient

A

Tertiary Prevention

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14
Q

Immunizations, Vaccinations, Stop Smoking

A

Primary prevention

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15
Q

Screening tests, PAP tests, Mantoux tests

A

Secondary prevention

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16
Q

Rehabilitation after a stroke, Comfort Care, Therapy

A

Tertiary prevention

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17
Q

Act of restoring someone to health or normal life through training and therapy

A

Rehabilitation

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18
Q

This refers to diseases that can be passed on or “infected” to another human being. Can be direct and indirect transmission of infectious agents

A

Communicable diseases

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19
Q

10 General Methods to Control Communicable Diseases

—-it should be notified to the local health authority, whose responsibility is to put into operation control measures

A

Notification

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20
Q

10 General Methods to Control Communicable Diseases

—clinical diagnosis with epidemiological support is sufficient enough to warrant treatment and appropriate control measures

A

Early Diagnosis and Prompt treatment

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21
Q

10 General Methods to Control Communicable Diseases

—This must be started from the area of an epidemic outbreak to WHO within 24hrs.

A

Reporting

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22
Q

10 General Methods to Control Communicable Diseases

— the separation of patient from other person for the communicable period of a particular disease

A

Isolation

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23
Q

10 General Methods to Control Communicable Disease

—it is the prohibition of movement of persons who have been exposed to communicable disease

A

Quarantine

24
Q

What are the 2 types of Quarantine?

A

Inner and Outer quarantine

25
Q

10 General Methods to Control Communicable Diseases

—killing of infectious agents outside the body by means of physical or chemical disinfectants

A

Disinfection

26
Q

Application of disinfective measures as soon as possible after the discharge of infection material from the body of an infectious person

A

Concurrent disinfection

27
Q

Application of disinfective measures after the patient has dies or has ceased to be a source of infection

A

Terminal disinfection

28
Q

10 General Methods to Control Communicable Diseases

—used to destroy or remove undesired small animals forms arthropods or rodents present upon the person, the clothing, environment by using insecticides, rodenticides etc

A

Disinfestation

29
Q

10 General Methods to Control Communicable Diseases

— used to prevent disease by immunizing agents. Its main goal is to produce herd immunity to risk population

A

Immunoprophylaxis

30
Q

Administration of prepared antibodies

A

Passive immunization

31
Q

Administration of antigen in the forms of vaccines and toxoids

A

Active Immunization

32
Q

10 General Methods to Control Communicable Diseases

—to prevent from the development of an infection or the progression of an infection to actively manifest disease, some drugs can be administered

A

Chemoprophylaxis

33
Q

10 General Methods to Control Communicable Diseases
— the essential duty of every health workers is to educate the community about disease causation, clinical features, mode of transmission, prevention, importance of notification, immunization etc

34
Q

It is the scientific study discipline of public health to study diseases in the community to acquire knowledge for the health care of the society

A

Epidemiology

35
Q

A person who are infectious but with subclinical disease. An asymptomatic person

36
Q

Parts of subclinical disease
—time of disease initiation

37
Q

Parts of subclinical disease
—time of symptoms

A

Incubation

38
Q

Parts of subclinical disease
—time of detection in non communicable and infectious in communicable

39
Q

Level of disease occurrence

-epidemic that spread over several countries or continents

40
Q

Level of disease occurrence
—same as epidemic but within more limited area

41
Q

Level of disease occurrence
—sudden increase in number of cases of disease in the population

42
Q

Level of disease occurrence
—persistent high levels of disease occurence

A

Hyperendemic

43
Q

Level of disease occurrence
—constant presence or usual prevalence of disease within an area

44
Q

Level of disease occurrence
—disease that occurs infrequently or irregularly

45
Q

This consists of the physical, chemical and biological factors external to a person

A

Environment

46
Q

This is the MIGRATION of people from a rural area to n urban area

A

Urbanization

47
Q

Areas we refer to as provinces

A

Rural areas

48
Q

Areas such as Metro Manila

49
Q
  • Easier access to health care
  • Improved Education system
  • Easier access to technology
  • Large numbers of people leads to more taxes for infrastructure development
  • Less land is consumed in rural areas
A

Advantages of Urbanization

50
Q

Vehicle and factory emissions. The burning of fossil fuels contributes to smog.

A

Air pollution

51
Q

Runoff from agricultural fields, industrial sites, urban areas. Disrupts water body’s natural balance.

A

Water pollution

52
Q

This can cause algal blooms (an explosive growth of algae)

A

Fertilizer

53
Q

Improper disposal of toxic chemical substances in our soil. Includes asbestos, lead, PCBS, over use of pesticides/herbicides

A

Soil pollution

54
Q

Large amount of light produced by most urban and other heavily populated areas.

A

Light pollution

55
Q

Refers to human made noises that are very loud or disruptive in manner

A

Noise pollution

56
Q

These are locations where disposable materials are sent which are then buried underground

Biostatistics & Epidemiology Lecture (2 decks)

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