Biostats Flashcards
When do you begin screening for colon cancer? How? When do you stop?
Begin - 50yo or 10 years before earliest diagnosis of first degree relative
How - colonoscopy q10y OR flex sig q5y WITH FOBT q3y OR FOBT q1y
Stop - 75yo (but you should continue if patient is expected to live 10 more years)
When do you begin screening for breast cancer? How? When do you stop?
Begin - 50 yo
How - mammography q2y
Stop - 75yo
When do you begin screening for cervical cancer? How? When do you stop?
Begin - 21 yo
How - Pap smear q3y OR Pap smear q5y WITH HPV q5y
Stop - 65 AND 3 consecutive normal OR had total hysterectomy
When do you begin screening for lung cancer? How? When do you stop?
Begin - 55-80 yo AND 30 pack year history AND quit <15 years ago
How - low dose CT scan q1y
Stop - age 80 OR once they’ve reached >15 years since quitting
Which cancers do we not screen for?
prostate and ovarian
Who and how do you screen for AAA?
who - men >/= 65yo AND have ever smoked
how - ultrasound of abdomen (or CT if happened for some other reasoning) x1
Who and how do you screen for osteoporosis? Treatment according to results of scan?
who - all women >/= 65yo
how - DEXA scan
treatment - negative score = treatment with bisphosphonates
Who and how do you screen for hepatitis C?
who - any baby boomer (1945-1965)
how - Hep C Ab
Who and how do you screen for HIV?
who - everyone one time (and anytime they ask fo one)
how - ELISA
Who and how do you screen for HTN?
who - everyone every visit
how - BP as vitals (Dx made by two separate BP measurements taken at least 2 weeks apart) (best way to diagnose is via ambulatory monitoring)
Who and how do you screen for diabetes?
who - anyone who has HTN
how - A1C
Who and how do you screen for hyperlipidemia?
who - men >/= 35yo OR >/= 20yo with risk factors AND women >/= 45yo OR >/= 20yo with risk factors
how - lipid panel (Tx with statins)
How do you screen for depression?
PHQ-9
What are contraindications to vaccines?
anaphylaxis egg allergy (not relevant anymore) live attenuated in anyone with immunosuppression (intranasal flu, MMRV, zoster)
When should you give Tdap? When is it contraindicated?
When - q10 years for 3 lifetime doses
(FOR DIRTY WOUND) - If >3 doses, clean the wound if < 10 y since last dose, give Td if >10 y since last dose
If < 3 doses, Td if <5 years since last dose, give Td + IVIg if >5 years since last dose
C/I = anaphylaxis
(give Tdap whenever possible rather than just booster)
