Biostats Flashcards
cross sectional studies
they assess both exposure and outcome at a single point in time
they can show association exists but cannot establish causation
prospective cohort studies
obs studies in which a group of exposed and unexposed individuals is followed over time for development of the outcome of interest
case control study
determines the outcome first and then look for associated risk factor exposure and then determine the outcome
randomized control trial
experimental study that is gold standard for studying the efficacy of a tx or procedure
subjects are randomly assigned to an experimental or control group and monitored for the outcome of interest
retrospective cohort study
risk factor exposure and the outcome of interest both occur in the past and are assessed through review of records
Sensitivity =
True positive / (true positive + false negative)
specificity
TN / (TN + FP)
effect modification
external variable positively or negatively impacts the effect of a risk factor on the disease of interest
the chi square test is used to
compare proportions
2x2 table
meta analysis
epidemiologic method of pooling the data from several studies
ANOVA
is used to compare the means of 3 or more variables
Factorial Design
involves randomization to different interventions with additional study of 2 or more variables
cluster analysis
is the grouping of different data points into similar categories
cross over study
groups of participants is randomized to one treatment for a period of time and the other group is given an alternate treatment for the same period of time
parallel study
randomizes one treatment to one group and a different treatment to the other group
