Biopsychosocial Approaches To Health, Cultural Diversity And Health

Question 1

Name the 3 domains of public health

Answer 1

Health improvement, health protection and public health

Question 2

Describe the biopsychosocial model

Answer 2

Bio: physiology, genetics, pathogens
Psycho: cognition, emotion, behaviour
Social: class, employment, social support

Question 3

What is public health concerned with?

Answer 3

Populations, not individuals
Well-being and prevention
Wider determinants of health

Question 4

What is meant by culture?

Answer 4

How we think the world works
Languages, knowledge, traditions, practices, assumptions, values
Often connected to ethnicity, nationality and race

Question 5

What is meant by spirituality?

Answer 5

Intuitive sense of connectedness to the universe
Beliefs and values about life and death
Often connected with religion (belief system)

Question 6

How does culture and spirituality affect health?

Answer 6

Different dietary/ bodily practices or preferences
Different values around age or gender
Stigma
Different understanding of symptoms/conditions
Language/ understanding of concepts
Different ideas of who should be part of care

Question 7

What is cultural competence?

Answer 7

Ability to provide care to patients while respecting diverse values beliefs and behaviours-tailored healthcare

Eg. Food and drink, death rituals, requests/ refusals of treatment

Question 8

What is cultural humility?

Answer 8

Recognising limits of knowledge of cultures
Listening and learning about patient’s cultures