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AQA: Psychology Paper 2 > Biopsychology > Flashcards

Biopsychology Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the components of the Nervous system? [2]:

A
  • Central Nervous System

- Peripheral nervous system

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2
Q

What are the components of the CNS? [2]:

A
  • Spinal Cord

- Brain

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3
Q

What are the components of the Peripheral nervous system? [2]:

A
  • Somatic Nervous system

- Autonomic Nervous system

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4
Q

What are the components of the Autonomic nervous system? [2]:

A
  • Sympathetic Nervous system

- Parasympathetic Nervous system

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5
Q

Spinal cord function [4]:

A
  • Relays info between & rest of body
  • Allows brain to monitor & regulate bodily processes
  • Its connected to diff body parts by pairs of nerves which connect muscles to specific glands
  • Also has circuits of nerves that allow us to reflex lol
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6
Q

What are sum examples of bodily processes monitored &regulated by the brain? [3]:

A
  • Digestion
  • Breathing
  • Coordinate bodily movements
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7
Q

What would happen if the spinal cord was damaged?

A

Areas supplied by spinal cord, below damaged area will be cut off from brain & stop functioning

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8
Q

What are the 4 main areas of the brain? [4]:

A
  • Cerebrum
  • Cerebellum
  • Diencephalon
  • Brain stem
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9
Q

Cerebrum [4]:

A
  • Largest part of the brain
  • Split down in the middle into cerebral hemispheres
  • Each half has its own function
  • Two halves communicate thru the corpus callosum
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10
Q

Cerebellum [2];

A
  • sits beneath the back of the cerebrum

- Involved in ctrling ppl’s motor skills, balance & coordinating muscles to allow precise muscle movement

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11
Q

What would happen if damage to the cerebellum? [3]:

A
  • Abnormalities can result in a no. of problems
  • like speech & motor problems
  • epilepsy
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12
Q

Diencephalon [2]:

A
  • Lies beneath cerebrum & on top of brain stem

- Has Thalamus & Hypothalamus (2 v important places)

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13
Q

What does the Thalamus do? [2]:

A
  • Acts as a relay station for nerve impulses coming in from senses
  • Routes nerve impulses to the right part of the brain where they can be processed
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14
Q

Hypothalamus functions [3]:

A
  • Regulates body temp, hunger & thirst
  • Acts as link between endocrine & nervous system
  • Ctrls release of hormones from pituitary gland
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15
Q

Where is the Thalamus found?

A

In the Diencephalon

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16
Q

Where is the Hypothalamus found?

A

In the Diencephalon

17
Q

Brain stem function [3]:

A
  • Regulates automatic functions e.g breathing, heartbeat & swallowing
  • Motor & sensory neurons travel thru brain stem
  • which allows impulses to pass thru brain & spinal cordx
18
Q

The Somatic Nervous system [3]:

A
  • Made up of 12 cranial nerves & 31 spinal nerves
  • These nerves have both sensory and spinal neurones
  • Also involved in reflex actions w/o CNS involved so that reflexes can be quicker
19
Q

Sensory neurones =

A

Relay messages to CNS from sensory receptors

20
Q

Motor neurones =

A

Relay messages from CNS to other areas of the body (effector cells)

21
Q

The autonomic nervous system =

A
  • regulates involuntary actions like heart beat & digestion
  • Has 2 parts: Sympathetic & Parasympathetic
  • These regulate same organs but have opposite function cus of the neurotransmitters used
22
Q

What neurotransmitter does the Sympathetic nervous system generally use? [2]:

A
  • Noradrenaline

- It has stimulating effects

23
Q

What neurotransmitter does the parasympathetic nervous system generally use? [2]:

A
  • Acetylcholine

- It has inhibiting effects

24
Q

The sympathetic nervous system [4]:

A
  • Mainly emergency response [Fight or flight]
  • Increases heart rate, blood pressure & dilating vessels
  • Slows less important bodily processes like digestion
  • Neurons from SNS travel to virtually evry muscle & gland, preparin body for rapid action
25
Q

The parasympathetic nervous system [4]:

A
  • Relaxes individual once emergency has passed
  • Slows heartbeat & reduces blood pressure
  • Digestion begins again
  • Involved in energy conservation [rest & digest]
26
Q

General components of a neuron [3]:

A
  • Dendrites
  • Cell body
  • Axon
27
Q

Dendrites [function]:

A

At the end of neurons- receive signals from other neurons or sensory receptors

28
Q

Cell body [function]:

A

Connected to the dendrites- its the ctrl center of the neuron

29
Q

Sensory neuron [3]:

A
  • convert info from sensory receptors into neural impulses
  • when these impulses reach brain they’re converted into sensations e.g heat = pain
  • not all info reaches brain sum stops at spinal cord for reflexes
30
Q

Relay neuron/ interneurons [2]:

A
  • allow sensory & motor neurons

- Relay neurons/ interneurons lie wholly inbtwn the brain & spinal cord

AQA: Psychology Paper 2 (3 decks)

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