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Biopsych 363 > Biopsych > Flashcards

Biopsych Flashcards

1
Q

Define Biopsych

A

its the study of the relationship between the brain function and behavior and neuropsychology, behavioral neuroscience and cognitive.

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2
Q

What do neuropsycholgist do?

Clinical and Experimental

A

Clinical: they Work with patients that have brain injuries such as dementai, stroke and TBI. Also, they create therapies to minimize behavior.
Experimental: Conduct research and studies how biological basis of behavior and cognition. They also teach classes at a university level

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3
Q

What is behavioral neuroscience ?

A

How the different disorders affect behavior

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4
Q

Cognitive Neuroscience

A

Focuses on brain functions

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5
Q

Explain Animal Research

A

People mostly use rats and mice as well as fruitflies, rabbits,dogs and monkeys.
IACUC- International animal care and use Committee. Animal research has to benefit and outweigh all costs. These studies must minimize pain and all other alternatives must be ruled out before using an animal.

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6
Q

Lesion Studies and Brain Injuries

A

A lesion study is when a scientists creates an issue in the brain to see what the affects will be.
Example: cutting the corpus collusm and looking at speech and the brocas area in the brain.

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7
Q

Broca’s

A

Controls speech production. or speaking words

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8
Q

Wernickes aphasia

A

when a person is able to produce speech but not able to understand well

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9
Q

Conduction aphaisa

A

A person is able to understand speech but able to repeat words

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10
Q

Agnosis

A

Loss of ability to recognize objects

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11
Q

Aphasia

A

problem with speech

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12
Q

Explain the concept of EEg’s

A

or electroencephalogram. measurement of electric activity that is generated by the brain and measured on the scalp.

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13
Q

CT scans

A

Or computed tomography scan

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14
Q

MRI Scan

A

in other words a Magnetic resonance imaging. This figures out where exactly the brain is damaged. also visualizing structure

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15
Q

Pet Scan

A

Positron Emission Tomography, used to look at different disease in the body.

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16
Q

fMRI’s

A

functional Magnetic resonance imaging

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17
Q

Glucose

A

is the main energy source for the brain

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18
Q

Occiputal Lobe

A

Takes in the information that is visual like reading and words

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19
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Generates words

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20
Q

Levels of Neuroscience: 1. Molecular

A

The different molecules that function in the neuron

21
Q

Levels of Neuroscience: 2. cellular

A

So this is about how molecules work together and function

22
Q

Levels of Neuroscience: 3. Systems

A

This how neurons wire toegther for neural circuits.

23
Q

Levels of Neuroscience: 4. Behavioral

A

Systems that work together to produce behavior

24
Q

levels of Neuroscience: 5. Cognitive

A

different functions that the create the “mind”

25
Q

The scientific method: Observation

A

observing something that leads to a desire to test to see if it might be true. also involves clinical cases during an experiment and during life.

26
Q

Replication/ repetition

A

The research must be repeated and the same results are found. If the research is not repeatable then how do we know that the findings are accurate.

27
Q

Interpretation

A

Interpreting information/ findings which can lead to a persons findings being biased

28
Q

Verification

A

the findings must be verified by others in the scientific community. which ties in with replication.

29
Q

List some of the disorders of the Nervous system:

A

Alzheimers Disease, Cerebral palsy, Depression, Epilepsy, Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Spinal Paralysis and Stroke.

30
Q

CNS( central nervous system)

A

Hundred billion neurons in the CNS.

31
Q

How can we study the neuron?

A

By staining them

32
Q

Histology

A

Staining neurons with color

33
Q

Nissil stain:

A

Stains the cell body and the endoplasmic reticulum and it differentiates between types of calls

34
Q

Golgi stain:

A

Stains only a few cells but the whole cell includong the neurites. Cajal is the one who used this.

35
Q

What do neurons contain?

A

Contains a soma and a nucleus. as well as thin tubes that radiate away from the central region which are the neurites, in other words axons and dendrites.

36
Q

Axon

A

Carries ouput

37
Q

Dendrites

A

These are connected to the axons and it receives signals.

38
Q

Explain the Neuron Doctrine and who discovered it.

A

Discoered through the neuro-anatomical work by Santiago Ramon Cajal. This is about hoe brain cells are not continous and there are small gaps in between neurons. Although this was presented by Waldyer and he made up the name “neuron”.

39
Q

What is cytosol ?

A

Fluid inside of the cell

40
Q

Organelles

A

“little” organs

41
Q

What is inside of the Nucleus?

A

Chromosomes which are DNA in a double helix strand that is consisted of nucleotide bases, adenine, thymine,guanine and cytosine.

42
Q

Gene

A

Its a DNA segment that is encoded with instructions for a particular protein molecule

43
Q

mRNA

A

molecules thats convey genetic info from DNA to a ribosome

44
Q

Nucleotide Base

A

building blocks of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA

45
Q

Codon

A

consists of 3 nucleotides that specify a particular amino acid

46
Q

Ribosome

A

complex molecular organelle that assembles proteins on info from mRNA

47
Q

Amino acids

A

building bloks for proteins

48
Q

The concept of Protein synthesis

A

1.DNA unwinds 2. transcribes nucleotide base sequence to mRNA 3.mRNA leaves nucleus . Then translation occurs. 4. mRNA runs through ribosomes ( happens on E.R) 5. then it is translated and the information is read as an amino string. 6.proceeds to polypeptide chain.

Biopsych 363 (1 decks)

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