Biomolecules: Chapter 2

Question 1

Ionic bond

Answer 1

If a cation & anion are within close range of each other they will be attracted to one another. That electrical attraction creates an ionic bond.

Question 2

Example of an ionic compound

Answer 2

NaCl or sodium chloride, table salt.

Question 3

Covalent Bonds

Answer 3

formed when atoms share electrons in their valence shell

Question 4

Nonpolar covalent bonds

Answer 4

when atoms share electrons equally

Question 5

Polar covalent bonds

Answer 5

unequal sharing of electrons, created when one of the atoms has a stronger pull on one of the elections. (more electro-negative)

Question 6

Example of a polar molecule

Answer 6

Water, h20

Question 7

Definition of polar molecule

Answer 7

a molecule w/ 1 region of slight negative charge and 1 region w/ slight positive charge (w/ two poles)

Question 8

How do hydrogen bonds form?

Answer 8

when polar molecules are in close proximity to one another

Question 9

canabolism

Answer 9

decomposition reaction within a cell

Question 10

anabolism

Answer 10

synthesis of a new molecules in the body

Question 11

decomposition reactions

Answer 11

breaks a molecule into smaller fragments

Question 12

hydrolysis

Answer 12

“water loosening” one of the bonds of a complex molecule is broken, the components of a water molecule (H and OH) are added to the fragments

Question 13

What is the definition of an inorganic compound? What are some examples of inorganic compounds?

Answer 13

Small molecules that generally don’t contain carbon & hydrogen atoms, examples h20, Co2, 02

Question 14

What is the definition of organic compounds?

Answer 14

Much larger, more complex than inorganic compounds. Primarily composed of carbon & hydrogen atoms.

Question 15

What are the 4 major classes of organic compounds?

Answer 15

carbs, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids