Biomolecules and Enzymes

Question 1

what is a monomer?

Answer 1

a monomer is what makes up a biomolecule

Question 2

what monomer makes up carbohydrates?

Answer 2

monosacharides

Question 3

what monomer makes up proteins?

Answer 3

amino acids

Question 4

what monomer makes up nucleic acids?

Answer 4

nucleotides

Question 5

what are the building blocks (not monomers) of lipids?

Answer 5

fatty acids and glycerol. These are not true monomers because they cannot build off each other to make a chain that would go on forever like other monomers

Question 6

Give two examples of types of carbohydrates and state why they are important?

Answer 6

Two types of carbohydrates are bread and pasta. Carbohydrates are important for fast sources of energy

Question 7

What are two examples of types of lipids?

Answer 7

Oil and butter

Question 8

What are two reasons lipids are necessary to the body?

Answer 8

1) they provide insulaton to the body
2) important for long term source of energy. It is stored as back up energy that your body uses when it runs out of fast source energy (from carbs)

Question 9

What are two examples of types of proteins?

Answer 9

Meat and Beans

Question 10

What are proteins important for?

Answer 10

muscle development, immune system, they make up enzymes

Question 11

What two factors do nucleic acids include?

Answer 11

DNA and RNA

Question 12

What foods contain nucleic acids?

Answer 12

all foods contain nucleic acids

Question 13

what elements make up carbohydrates?

Answer 13

Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen

Question 14

What elements make up lipids?

Answer 14

Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen

Question 15

What elements make up proteins?

Answer 15

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen

Question 16

What elements make up Nucleic acids?

Answer 16

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and phosphourus

Question 17

What are most enzymes made up of?

Answer 17

Proteins

Question 18

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Answer 18

The active site of an enzyme is the part that is specifically shaped for a substrate to fit into it.

Question 19

What is induced fit?

Answer 19

when an enzyme changes its shape even more to bind a substrate

Question 20

What do enzymes do?

Answer 20

Enzymes will either build up or break down substrates into product. They are used to speed up chemical processes/ processes within the body to make them more effective

Question 21

What is an example of a enzyme that helps speed up a process in the body

Answer 21

Lactase (the enzyme) helps break down lactose (substrate) so that it can be digested by the body

Question 22

Enzymes cannot be used over and over until they die. True or False

Answer 22

False. Enzymes are catalyst meaning that they can be used over and over again

Question 23

What are two factors that help build up or break down substrates?

Answer 23

cofactors (typically metal ions) and coenzymes (typically organic molecules)

Question 24

An enzyme has an ideal ______ and _______

Answer 24

temperature and Ph level

Question 25

What happens when an enzymes reaches a temperature or ph level that is not ideal for them?

Answer 25

they become denatured (shape becomes distorted and it cannot bind with a substrate)

Question 26

Enzymes only work with their specific substrate and no other. True or false

Answer 26

True

Question 27

All enzymes have a specific ________

Answer 27

binding

Question 28

What is the product referring to when talking about enzymes?

Answer 28

The product is referring to the result when an enzyme either builds up or breaks down a substrate

Question 29

What process is needed in order to build biomolecules?

Answer 29

Dehydration Synthesis

Question 30

What process is needed in order to break down biomolecules?

Answer 30

Hydrolysis