Biomolecules

Question 1

4 categories of biomolecules

Answer 1

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acid

Question 2

What are carbohydrates

Answer 2

1. contain C,H,O atoms

2. different sizes - monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides

Question 3

Functions of carbohydrates

Answer 3

1. Energy source - eg. glucose, starch
2. Metabolic intermediates - eg. fructose, galactose
3. Structural - eg. cell wall (cellulose in plants)
4. Components of essential molecules - eg. glycoproteins, glycolipids

Question 4

Monomer of carbohydrates

Answer 4

Monosaccharides

Question 5

Examples of carbohydrates

Answer 5

Monosaccharides - Glucose, fructose
Oligosaccharides - Mactose
Polysaccharides - Starch, Glycogen

Question 6

What are 2 types of lipids

Answer 6

Saponifiable lipids (can be hydrolysed by alkali) and unsaponifiable lipids (cannot be hydrolysed by alkali)

Question 7

Examples of saponifiable lipids

Answer 7

Triglycerides, phospholipids, waxes

Question 8

Examples of unsaponifiable lipids

Answer 8

Steroids, cholesterol

Question 9

What are lipids

Answer 9

1. Structurally heterogeneous
2. Insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents
3. Excess proteins, carbo and fats are converted
   to fats and stored in adipose tissues

Question 10

Functions of lipids

Answer 10

1. Component of cell membranes - phospholipid bilayer
2. Energy stores
3. Provide insulation to maintain a constant body temperature
4. Chemical messengers
5. Add contour to body