Biomolecules

Question 1

What should a balanced diet consist of

Answer 1

Carbohydrates
•Proteins
•Lipids (fats and oils)
•Minerals (e.g. calcium and iron) •Vitamins (e.g. vitamin A, C and D) •Fibre
•Water

Question 2

Carbohydrates

Answer 2

Sugars
- natural (e.g. fruit and honey)
- artificial (e.g. cakes, chocolate, fizzy drinks)
•Starch (e.g. potato, rice, bread, pasta)
Function:
•Main supply of energy
(glucose required for respiration)

Question 3

Proteins

Answer 3

Meat , fish, cheese, eggs, nuts
Function:
•Growth and repair •Enzymes are proteins
Kwashiorkor: protein deficiency where there is too much fluid in the body’s tissues, which causes swelling under the skin

Question 4

Lipids

Answer 4

Fat (A lipid that is solid at room temperature) – e.g. butter, cheese, meat, fish
•Oil (A lipid that is liquid at room temperature) – e.g. Olive oil, corn oil,
Function:
•Long term store of energy
•Heat insulation
•Protection (particularly around vital organs)
•Cell membranes
•Note: too many lipids can be unhealthy – linked to heart disease