Biomolecules

Question 1

What are the four biomolecules of life?

Answer 1

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids

Question 2

Amino acids are the monomers of___

Answer 2

Proteins

Question 3

Nucleotides are the monomers of___

Answer 3

Nucleic acids

Question 4

Do lipids have a monomer?

Answer 4

Technically no, but their building blocks are considered to be fatty acids and clycerol

Question 5

Monosaccharides are the monomer of___

Answer 5

Carbohydrates

Question 6

What are the functions of carbohydrates?

Answer 6

• Store and release energy (quick source of energy)
• Structural support and protection
• Forms glycogen
• Glucose (monosaccharide) is a major energy source for the body’s cells
• Cellular communication

Question 7

What does CHO, CHO, CHON, CHONP stand for and which biomolecules are associated with each?

Answer 7

• Main elements in each biomolecule
• CHO-Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen: Carbohydrates
• CHO-Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen: Lipids
• CHON-Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen: Proteins
• CHONP-Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorous: Nucleic Acids

Question 8

What are the functions of Lipids

Answer 8

• Store energy(long term energy source)
• Form important parts of biological membranes(cell membrane) and waterproof coverings
• Steriods/Hormones
• Cushioning for organs
• Insulation

Question 9

These functions are associated with which biomolecule?
* Control rate of reactions
* Regulate cell processes
* Form important celular structures
* Transport substances into or out of cells to help fight disease
* Provide some energy
* Communication
* Chemical signals

Answer 9

Proteins

Question 10

These functions are associated with which biomolecule?
* Store and transmit hereditary and genetic information
* Capturing and transfering chemical energy (ATP)

Answer 10

Nucleic Acids

Question 11

What are examples of nucleic acids?

Answer 11

DNA: Genetic information
RNA: Production of proteins/protein synthesis

Question 12

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

Answer 12

Phosphate group(s), a sugar: ribose (RNA) or deoxyribose (DNA), and a nitrogenous base

Question 13

What is the structure of an amino acid?

Answer 13

Amino Group, Hydrogen, R Group (varient), carboxyl group

Question 14

In a water molecule which molecules are positively or negatively charged?

Answer 14

Oxygen/Oxygen side is negatively charged and Hydrogens/Hydrogen side is positively charged

Question 15

Peptide bonds bond what?

Answer 15

Amino Acids

Question 16

What gives proteins their special shape?

Answer 16

Hydrogen bonds

Question 17

What is the primary structure in proteins?

Answer 17

Order of Amino acids

Question 18

What is the secondary structure in proteins?

Answer 18

Hydrogen bonding to form alpha helix or beta pleated sheets

Question 19

What is the tertiary structure in proteins?

Answer 19

3D polypeptide folds and twists

Question 20

What is the quarternary structure in proteins?

Answer 20

Two or more polypeptides joining together