Biomolecules Flashcards
What are the ‘organic’ atoms?
CHOPNS
What elements are cations within the biological systems?
Na, Mg, K, Ca
What elements are anions in the biological systems?
Cl
What is a monomer?
A molecule that can be bonded to other identical/similar molecules to form a polymer
what are the four major classes of biomolecules?
- Amino acids
- Carbohydrates
- Nucleotides
- Lipids (cholesterol and fatty acids)
What element does red represent?
Oxygen
What element does grey/black represent?
Carbon
What element does white represent?
Hydrogen
What element does blue represent?
Nitrogen
What element does yellow represent?
Sulphur (indicates protein)
What element does orange represent?
Phosphorus (nucleotides)
Under most biological conditions, carboxylic acids exists as…
Carboxylate anions
Under most biological conditions, amines exist as…
Ammonium ions
Define moiety
Functional group
What is an acyl group?
Functional group derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid
