Biomolecules

Question 1

What are the 6 most commonly found elements in living things?

Answer 1

Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Sulfur, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

Question 2

Explain what happens in a polar covalent bond.

Answer 2

When the electrons are not distributed equally and one element has more than the other

Question 3

The hydrogen atom and the oxygen atom are held together by which kind of chemical bond in a water molecule?

Answer 3

They are held together by the polar covalent bond

Question 4

Because of the type of chemical bond holding together the oxygen and hydrogen atoms in a water molecule, water molecules are described as being _______________ molecules.

Answer 4

polar molecules

Question 5

The attraction between opposite charges of polar molecules is called a?

Answer 5

They are held together by the hydrogen bond

Question 6

Explain why water is necessary for life on Earth.

Answer 6

Water is necessary because it is a good solvent and keeps us not dry

Question 7

Is water an example of a biomolecule? Explain why or why not.

Answer 7

No, because water is not carbon-based, it cannot be a building block of life

Question 8

Explain why water molecules stick together.

Answer 8

Water molecules are polar molecules and they stick together when placed to another water molecule

Question 9

List and describe 5 unique properties of water that are caused by the hydrogen bonds formed between the polar water molecules.

Answer 9

Good solvent, floats while in solid form, is adhesive, is cohesive, high specific heat

Question 10

What are the 4 major types of biomolecules found in living things?

Answer 10

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Protiens, Nucleaic Acids

Question 11

What are the 3 elements found in all biomolecules?

Answer 11

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Question 12

How do we get biomolecules into our bodies so that we can build our structures?

Answer 12

We get it through food

Question 13

What is the function of carbohydrates?

Answer 13

For short-term energy

Question 14

What are the monomers of carbohydrates?

Answer 14

Monosacharides

Question 15

What are the elements found in carbohydrates?

Answer 15

CHO (1)

Question 16

What is the function of lipids?

Answer 16

For long-term energy

Question 17

What are the monomers of lipids?

Answer 17

Fatty acids and glycerol

Question 18

What are the elements found in lipids?

Answer 18

CHO (2)

Question 19

What is the function of proteins?

Answer 19

They make our structure and our actions

Question 20

What are the monomers of proteins?

Answer 20

Amino acids

Question 21

What are the elements found in proteins?

Answer 21

CHON

Question 22

What is the function of nucleic acids?

Answer 22

To store genetic information

Question 23

What are the monomers of nucleic acids?

Answer 23

Nucleotides

Question 24

What are the elements found in nucleic acids?

Answer 24

CHNOP

Question 25

Organelles are surrounded by membranes. What is the purpose of these membranes?

Answer 25

It creates a boarder to maintain each organelles homeostasis

Question 26

Describe the pathway that proteins take from their formation to being transported out of the cell.

Answer 26

They are built in ribosomes that are attached to the ER is a tunnel to the Golgi then throughout the cell or outside the cell

Question 27

Which organelle is primarily responsible for maintaining homeostasis in a cell?

Answer 27

the plasma membrane

Question 28

What are the main differences between a plant and an animal cell?

Answer 28

A chloroplast, cell walls, and a large vacuole for PLANTS And food vacuoles, centrioles and lysosomes for ANIMAL

Question 29

Which organelle contains DNA and controls the cell?

Answer 29

Nucleus

Question 30

Which cellular structure is found in the nucleus?

Answer 30

Nucleolus (1)

Question 31

Which cellular structure makes ribosomes?

Answer 31

Nucleolus (2)

Question 32

Which organelle or structure is the site of protein synthesis?

Answer 32

Ribosomes

Question 33

Which structures are found in prokaryotic cells? snall thingys

Answer 33

Plasma membrane, cytosol, ribosomes, genetic material, cytoskeleton, cell wall

Question 34

What is the clear fluid where many cellular reactions take place?

Answer 34

Cytosol

Question 35

Which structure is found in plant cells outside of the plasma membrane?

Answer 35

Cell wall

Question 36

Cell walls are made up of which carbohydrate structure?

Answer 36

cellulose

Question 37

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and shipping out proteins?

Answer 37

golgi

Question 38

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing lipids?

Answer 38

SER

Question 39

Which organelle contains ribosomes and begins the process of synthesizing proteins for cellular export?

Answer 39

RER

Question 40

Which organelle stores cellular materials?

Answer 40

Vacuole

Question 41

Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration?

Answer 41

Mitochondria

Question 42

Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis?

Answer 42

Chloroplast

Question 43

Which cellular structure aids during the process of mitosis (cellular reproduction)?

Answer 43

centrioles

Question 44

Which organelle breaks down old, worn-out cellular materials?

Answer 44

lysosomes

Question 45

Which organelle is responsible for transporting materials packaged by the Golgi Apparatus?

Answer 45

vesicles

Question 46

Which cellular structure is responsible for providing structural support to the cell?

Answer 46

cytoskeleton