Biomolecules Flashcards
What are the functions of a protein (3)?
- speeds up chemical reactions
- structural support for animals
- structural support for hair, nails, etc.
Elements in proteins?
H, C, O, N
Polymer of proteins?
polypeptides
Amino acids can be found in _____.
Proteins
There are __ kinds of amino acids.
20
Multiple amino acids make up ___.
a polypeptide
What is the main function of a carbohydrate?
to provide quick and accessible energy
Name 3 kinds of carbohydrates.
Cellulose, starch, and glycogen
What elements make up a carb?
C, H, O
Polymer and monomer of a carb?
Polymer: Polysaccharide (literally means “many sugars”)
Monomer: Monosaccharide (means “one sugar”)
What is the monomer of lipids?
There are none because lipids are so diverse.
What is the function of a lipid?
To store energy long term
What elements are in a lipid?
C, H, O
What is the function of nucleic acids?
stores genetic information that keeps the cell alive
What is a cellulose?
a polysaccharide that provides structural support for plants
What is a phospholipid?
A lipid and a special type of liquid in the cell membrane
What is glucose?
A monosaccharide of carb
What is the chemical formula of glucose?
C6H12O6
What is glycogen?
A polysaccharide that is made by animals and is used to store energy
What is a nucleotide?
It is the monomer of nucleic acid and is made up of a (5-carbon) sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
What is sucrose?
It is a disaccharide (“two sugars”) and is commonly known as table sugar.
What is starch?
A polysaccharide made by plants to store energy.
What are fatty acids?
It is a monomer of fat and is a long chain of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached to them.
What elements are in nucleic acids?
C, H, O, N, P
