Biomes

Question 1

Define soil

Answer 1

A mixture of air, broken down rocks and organic materials such as tiny animals and plants.

Question 2

Define degradation.

Answer 2

The deterioration of soil condition caused mainly by human activities, which results in lower levels of nutrients, fertility, quality and productivity.

Question 3

Define urban sprawl.

Answer 3

Growth of a city on land situated on the outskirts of a city

Question 4

Define subsistence farming

Answer 4

Type of farming where the yield of crops is just enough to cover the household needs for the farmer

Question 5

Define malnutrition

Answer 5

The lack of well balanced diet

Question 6

Define extensive farming

Answer 6

Farming that requires large amounts of land to support livestock

Question 7

Define the green revolution

Answer 7

The changes in farming across the world between 1950 and 1979. The changes included, farming of improved varieties of grains, widespread use of fertilisers and pesticides and the adoption of mechanical vehicles and systems.

Question 8

Define tropical rainforest

Answer 8

A biome with consistently high temperatures and a high amount of rainfall. The main type of vegetation in the biome is trees.

Question 9

Define grasslands

Answer 9

A biome which has an average amount of rain and a warm climate. The main type of vegetation is grass

Question 10

Define a biome.

Answer 10

A region on Earth defined by climates, soil and types of vegetation.

Question 11

Define tundra

Answer 11

A biome that has very little rainfall, very low temperatures and little plant diversity.

Question 12

Define polar lands

Answer 12

A biome that is very cold and situated at the poles

Question 13

Define mountain vegetation

Answer 13

A biome with low temperatures and low vegetation, to preserve warmth

Question 14

Define boreal forest

Answer 14

A biome that is very cold in winter and hot in summer. The vegetation in this biome consists of mainly evergreen trees and coniferous

Question 15

Define temperate forest

Answer 15

A biome that has a big temperature range. In some forests rainfalls consistently through the year however in others there are distinct dry and wet seasons

Question 16

Define genetic modification

Answer 16

A process in which scientist change the genes of plants and animals for a desired quality

Question 17

Define conservation agriculture

Answer 17

Using resource saving methods in farming that compliment natural processes

Question 18

Define food loss

Answer 18

The amount of food lost in the growing or production processes

Question 19

Define food waste

Answer 19

The amount of food lost in the consumption process

Question 20

Define biofuel

Answer 20

A type fuel made by organic matter

Question 21

Define desertification

Answer 21

A process that leads to once productive becoming infertile, too heavily eroded or too salty caused by climate change, overgrazing or too high salinities.

Question 22

What factors contribute to food security?

Answer 22

• food availability
• food accessibility
• the ability and resources to use food appropriately

Question 23

How are food and poverty linked?

Answer 23

The lack of food security means that prices for food in that country are high and less accessible meaning that people are spending more money on food

Question 24

Is subsistence farming found mainly in developed or developing countries

Answer 24

Developing countries

Question 25

Define salinity

Answer 25

The concentration of salt

Question 26

Define pesticide

Answer 26

Substance used to kill organisms that are harmful to crops