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biology hsd the finale > Biomes > Flashcards

Biomes Flashcards

1
Q

Terrestrial biomes can be characterized by…

A

Distribution
Precipitation
Temperature
Animals & Plants

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2
Q

Tropical Forest distribution

A

in equatorial & subequatorial regions

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3
Q

Tropical Rain Forests precipitation

A

constant rainfall

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4
Q

Tropical Dry Forests precipitation

A

highly seasonal

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5
Q

Tropical Forest temperature

A

high year-round - 25-29°C
little seasonal variation

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6
Q

Desert distribution

A

in bands near 30° north and south equator
in the interior of continents

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7
Q

Desert precipitation

A

low
highly variable
less than 30 cm per year

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8
Q

Desert temperature

A

may be hot or cold

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9
Q

Desert plants adaptation

A

adapted for heat and desiccation tolerance
water
water storage
reduced leaf surface area

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10
Q

Many animals in desert are diurnal or nocturnal?

A

nocturnal

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11
Q

Savanna distribution

A

in equatorial and subequatorial regions

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12
Q

Savanna precipitation

A

seasonal

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13
Q

Savanna temperature

A

24-29°C
more seasonally variable than in the tropics

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14
Q

What make up most of the ground in Savanna?

A

Grasses and Forbs

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15
Q

Savanna plants adaptation

A

fire-adapted
tolerant of seasonal drought

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16
Q

Chaparral distribution

A

in midlatitude coastal regions on several continents

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17
Q

Chaparral precipitation

A

highly seasonal
rainy winters & dry summers

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18
Q

Chaparral temperature

A

30° C summer
10-12°C fall, winter, spring

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19
Q

Chaparral plants adaptation

A

adapted to fire & drought

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20
Q

Temperate Grassland distribution

A

found on many continents

21
Q

Temperate Grassland precipitation

A

highly seasonal

22
Q

Temperate Grassland temperature

A

-10°C and dry winters
30°C and wet summers

23
Q

Temperate Grassland plants adaptation

A

adapted to drought & fire

24
Q

other names for Northern Coniferous Forest

A

taiga
boreal forest

25
Q

Northern Coniferous Forest distribution

A

spans nothern North America & Eurasia

26
Q

What is the largest terrestrial biome on Earth?

A

Northern Coniferous Forest

27
Q

Northern Coniferous Forest precipitation

A

varies; some places have periodic drought, some places (especially near coast) are wet

28
Q

Northern Coniferous Forest temperature

A

Cold winters
summers may be hot

29
Q

Plants that dominate in Northern Coniferous Forest

A

conifers such as pine, spruce, fir and hemlock

30
Q

Northern Coniferous Forest plants adaptation

A

The conical shape of conifers prevents too much snow from accumulating and breaking their branches

31
Q

Temperate Broadleaf Forest distribution

A

midlatitudes in the northern hemisphere
smaller areas in AUS, NZ, RSA, Chile

32
Q

Temperate Broadleaf Forest precipitation

A

Significant amount of precipitation fall during all seasons as rain or snow

33
Q

Temperate Broadleaf Forest temperature

A

0°C winters
near 35°C and humid summers

34
Q

Plants that dominate in Temperate Broadleaf Forest

A

Deciduous Trees in Northern Hemisphere
Evergreen Eucalyptus in Australia

35
Q

Two types of Tundra

A

Arctic Tundra

Alpine Tundra

36
Q

Alpine Tundra distribution

A

on high mountaintops at all latitudes in Arctic

37
Q

Alpine Tundra & Arctic Tundra precipitation

A

Low precipitation in Artic tundra
Higher precipitation in Alpine tundra

38
Q

Tundra temperature

A

-30°C winters
10°C summer

39
Q

One unique characteristic of tundra

A

Permafrost - a permanently frozen layer of soil that prevents water infiltration

40
Q

Plants in Tundra

A

Herbaceous

41
Q

Two types of lake

A

Oligotrophic Lake - nutrient-poor & oxygen-rich

Eutrophic Lake - nutrient-rich & oxygen-poor

42
Q

Eutrophic lakes vs Oligotrophic lakes in surface area relative to depth

A

Eutrophic lakes have more surface area relative to depth

43
Q

Aquatic plants live in _which zone?

A

littoral zone

44
Q

A zone where the water is too deep to support rooted aquatic plants is called ……

A

Limnetic Zone

45
Q

A zone where invertebrates live is called….

A

benthic zone

46
Q

What is a wetland?

A

A habitat that is inundated by water at least some of the time

A habitat that supports plants adapted to water-saturated to soil

47
Q

Wetlands have _______ organic production and decomposition and have _______ dissolved oxygen

48
Q

The most productive biome on Earth

biology hsd the finale (4 decks)

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