Biomedical Sciences Flashcards
Biomedical Sciences
The application of biology and physiology to clinical medicine.
Experiment
A research study conducted to determine the affect that one variable has upon another variable.
Hypothesis
Clear prediction of the anticipated result of an experiment.
Independent Variable
The variable that is varied or manipulated by the researchers.
Dependent Variable
The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which the research is interested.
Control Group
The group in an experiment where the independent variable being tested is not applied so that it may serve as a standard for comparison against the experimental group where the independent variable is applied.
Positive Control
Group expected to have a positive result, allowing the researcher to show that the experimental set up was capable
Adenine
A component of nucleic acids, energy-carrying molecules such as ATP, and certain coenzymes. Chemically, it is a purine base.
Chromosome
Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that contains the genetic material.
Cytosine
A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell’s proteins.
Gel Electrophoresis
The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through an electrical field in a gel.
Gene
A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses).
Guanine
A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a purine base.
Helix
Something spiral in a form.
Model
A simplified version of something complex used, for example, to analyze and solve problems or make predictions.
Nucleotide
A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
Restriction Enzyme
A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA.
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs)
Differences in DNA sequence on homologous chromosomes that can result in different patterns of restriction fragment lengths (DNA segments resulting from treatment with restriction enzymes).
Thymine
A component of nucleic acid that carries hereditary information in DNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base.
Autopsy
An examination of the body after death usually with such dissection as will expose the vital organs for determining the cause of death.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
A comprehensive set of standards and practices designed to give patients specific rights regarding their personal health information.
Medical Examiner
A physician who performs an autopsy when death may be accidental or violent. He or she may also serve in some jurisdictions as the coroner.
