biomedical science - questions (more comp) Flashcards
which pituitary gland hormone has the principle action of stimulating uterine contractions and stimulating the ejection of milk into the mammary ducts?
oxytocin
how many bones are in the skeleton?
206
goiter is a condition that results from changes in the thyroid gland due to a deficiency of…
iodine
an overdose of which vitamin can result liver damage?
vitamin a
hypersecretion of growth hormone during adulthood causes…
acromegaly
a deficiency of which vitamin can cause pernicious anemia?
vitamin b-12
norepinephrine is produced by the…
adrenal medulla
the possibility of toxicity is greater with fat soluble vitamins than with water soluble vitamins because…
they body can store them more easily
the predominant type of cells in an allergic reaction are…
eosinophils
GH, ACTH, and FSH are produced by the…
anterior pituitary
which cranial nerves are sensory only?
olfactory (CN I) and optic (CN II)
what is the largest endocrine gland in the body?
thyroid
which element is regulated by parathyroid hormone?
calcium
the role of inflammatory response is to…
- localize and isolate injured areas
- neutralize and inactivate toxic substances
- destroy or limit growth of infecting microorganisms
- clean the injured area of damaged tissue
the provitamin form of vitamin a that is found in plant pigments is…
beta-carotene
vitamin c deficiency is associated with the disease called…
scurvy
a high blood cholesterol level appears to be associated with the condition of…
obesity
hypertension
atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries)
diabetes
an essential fatty acid is the one that…
the body cannot manufacture for itself
the vitamin deficiency associated with pernicious anemia and neurological degeneration is…
vitamin b-12
the vitamin most likely to be deficient in an alcoholic is…
thiamin B-1
what is not a function of the hypothalamus?
stimulate the thalamus gland
what are functions of the hypothalamus?
- wake and sleep regulation
- thirst center
- hunger center
- association with the rage and aggression
hyposecretion of insulin causes…
blood sugar levels to rise
in which part of the body are varicose veins most likely to occur?
legs
which of the following is not a function of the liver?
absorption of sodium
which are functions of the liver?
- secretion of bile
- detoxification of drugs and poisons
- storage of iron and certain vitamins
what valve connects the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart?
mitral valve
pulmonary edema is caused by…
left side heart failure
the exocrine function of the pancreas is…
the secretion of digestive enzymes in the pancreatic duct
do the endocrine glands have ducts or are they ductless?
they are ductless
insulin ______ blood glucose, and glucagon ______ blood glucose.
insulin DECREASES blood glucose, and glucagon INCREASES blood glucose.
which gland is both endocrine and exocrine?
pancreas
which hormone accelerates the conversion of glycogen into glucose?
glucagon
diabetes mellitus is characterized by…
- rise in blood glucose
- excessive urine production
- deficiency in insulin
diabetes insipidus is caused by…
a lack of ADH
dolor is the part of the inflammatory response characterized by…
pain
redness (rubor)
heat (calor)
swelling (tumor)
increased vascular permeability is a portion of the acute inflammatory response associated with…
local edema swelling
the organ most responsible for the storage of vitamin a is the…
liver
vitamin c deficiency is characterized by…
cracked and bleeding lips
what is the descending order of the small intestine?
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
(t/f) maxilla is a bone in the cranium
false
which bone in the human body does not articulate with any other bones and is fixed in position by muscles and ligaments?
hyoid
the position of the kidneys behind the peritoneal lining of the abdominal cavity is described by the term…
RETROperitoneal
which gland regulates metabolism, growth, and nervous system activity?
thryoid
insulin deficiency will cause…
diabetes mellitus
parathyroid glands are
two pairs in all, located adjacent to the thyroid
which hormone mimics the effects of the sympathetic nervous system?
epinephrine
a deficiency of vitamin a in the body may result in…
night blindness
a patient with hypothyroidism suffers from…
low metabolism
what is the function of the thalamus?
- serves as a relay station for all sensory impulses except smell to the cerebral cortex
- relays motor impulses from cerebral cortex to spinal cord
which hormone does the adenohypophysis (anterior) of the pituitary gland?
secretes ADH
having a cloudy appearance of the CSF indicates…
meningitis
what is the main risk factor for atherosclerosis?
hypertension
the following are causes of left-sided heart failure…
- congenital heart disease
- myocardial ischemia
- hypertension
which cranial nerve is responsible for deviation of the eye outward and double vision?
CN IV (trochlear)
which cranial nerve has the motor function of swallowing and secretion of saliva?
CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
systolic pressure is due to…
contraction of the ventricle
which leukocytes increase in parasitic disease?
eosinophils
which muscles are part of the rotator cuff?
- infraspinatus
- subscapularis
- supraspinatus
