Biomechanics Of Human Body SS.1

Question 1

Physics

Answer 1

Branch of science concerning study of nature and properties of matter and energy and the relationship between them, when there’s a natural phenomenon physics try to find a law for this natural phenomenon.

Question 2

Biophysics

Answer 2

Science of the application of physic’s law in biological phenomena, its interdisciplinary science that applied physics’s approaches and principles to study biological systems to serve human body in the field of medicine.

Question 3

Medical physics

Answer 3

Biomedical physics, medical biophysics or applied physics in medicine, is the branch of applied physics pursued by medical physicists that use physic’s methods,techniques,principles to practice and research for prevention,diagnosis,treatment to improve human health.

Question 4

Prevention

Answer 4

Radiotherapy in nuclear medicine in the form of radiation used in oncology(study of cancer) to prevent a cancer

Question 5

Diagnosis

Answer 5

Image devices such as MRI-scanner,X-RAY,CT,PET, ultrasound,stethoscope,manometer and electrocardiograph.

Question 6

Treatment

Answer 6

Physiotherapy equipment including optical and other form of electromagnetic radiation.

Question 7

Mechanic

Answer 7

Branch of physics that studies motion and forces that cause this motion and rigid-body,deformable-body and fluid are its three main areas

Question 8

Biomechanics

Answer 8

Application of the principles of mechanics in the living human body.

Question 9

Kinesiology

Answer 9

Study of human motion that brings together all the fields of anatomy,geometry,physics,physiology,biomechanics

Question 10

Kinematic

Answer 10

Motion description that is usually measured in linear or angular

Question 11

Kinetic

Answer 11

The cause of motion,
Force,energy and power affect the manner in which individual moves
More powerful in improving human motion

Question 12

1st newton law of motion

Answer 12

An object won’t change its motion unless a force acts on it

Question 13

2nd newton law of motion

Answer 13

Force on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration

Question 14

3rd newton law of motion

Answer 14

When two objects interact they apply forces to each other with equal magnitude and opposite direction

Question 15

Newton’s law of motion are important?

Answer 15

Because they’re the foundation of classical mechanics

Question 16

Torque (moment of force )

Answer 16

Turning effect of a force about a pivot, the product of a force to a perpendicular distance from the line of the force to the pivot.

Question 17

Load (force during walking)

Answer 17

Caused by acceleration due to gravity (body weight), vertical

Question 18

Shear (force during walking)

Answer 18

Caused by the friction between the feet and the ground,(horizontal)

Question 19

Levers

Answer 19

Rigid bars that move around of an axis of rotation (a joint) forces (applied by muscles) cause this movement to occur.

Question 20

Mechanical advantage

Answer 20

Effort arm/load arm

Load force/effort force

Question 21

First class lever

Answer 21

Pivot is between the load and the effort
E.g:Seesaw,scissors,claw hammer and a simple crowbar
E.g: skull (atlas vertebrae,head and trapezius and sternocleidomastoid)
10% muscles operate first class
Designed best for balance

Question 22

Second class lever

Answer 22

Load is between the pivot and the effort
E.g:wheelbarrow,bottle opener and wagon
E.g:(ball of the foot,body weight and gastrocnemius,soleus)
5% of muscles operate second type of lever
Designed best for power

Question 23

Third class lever

Answer 23

Effort is between the pivot and the load
E:g tweezers,knee flexion and elbow flexion
85% muscles operate third class lever
Designed for ROM mobility

Question 24

Equilibrium

Answer 24

State of zero acceleration(static or dynamic)

Question 25

Balance

Answer 25

Ability to control equilibrium and their body position relative to some base of support

Question 26

Stability

Answer 26

The resistance to the disturbance of equilibrium

Question 27

Range of motion

Answer 27

Measurement of the amount of movement around a specific joint
E.g range of flexion and extension

Question 28

Active ROM

Answer 28

Using your muscles to move your body with no other’s help

Question 29

Passive ROM

Answer 29

Moving your body around a joint due to help of others like physical therapist without using your muscles while your body is at rest

Question 30

Stress

Answer 30

Exerted when a force applied on an object

F/A

Question 31

Strain

Answer 31

Ratio of stress-induced change in object’s length to it’s original length
🔼L/L•

Question 32

Elasticity coefficient (young’s modulus)

Answer 32

Stress/strain

Question 33

Synergy

Answer 33

Combination of several muscle actions that serve to achieve a motor task