biomechanics

Question 1

what is newton’s first law of motion?

Answer 1

The Law of Inertia

Question 2

What is the law of Inertia?

Answer 2

Inertia is the resistance of a body to change its state of motion, wether at rest or while moving

Question 3

What is force?

Answer 3

Force is a push or pull that alters the state of motion of a body

Question 4

describe inertia

Answer 4

‘A body continues in a state of rest or uniform velocity unless acted upon by an external or unbalanced force’

Question 5

what happens if the mass is greater? NL1

Answer 5

The greater the mass of a body the greater the force needed to overcome inertia and create motion

Question 6

what is newton’s second law of motion?

Answer 6

The law of acceleration

Question 7

what is the law of acceleration?

Answer 7

‘A body’s rate of change in momentum is proportional to the size of the applied and acts in the same direction as the force applied’

Question 8

What is momentum?

Answer 8

This is the quantity of motion possessed by a moving body and is closely related to acceleration.

Question 9

what is newton’s third law?

Answer 9

the law of reaction

Question 10

what is the law of reaction

Answer 10

for every action force applied to a body, there is an equal and opposite reaction force

Question 11

what are the 4 key concepts which can be ascertain the quantities of force and movement achieved?

Answer 11

1. velocity
2. Momentum
3. Acceleration
4. Force

Question 12

what unit do you use for velocity?

Answer 12

1 m/s

Question 13

what is velocity?

Answer 13

velocity is the rate of change in displacement.

Question 14

what is displacement?

Answer 14

Displacement is the strongest straight line route between start and finish points

Question 15

what is the velocity equation?

Answer 15

Velocity (m/s) = displacement (m) /time taken (s)

Question 16

how to calculate momentum?

Answer 16

Momentum(kg m/s)= mass(kg) x velocity(m/s)

Question 17

What is the acceleration equation?

Answer 17

Acceleration(m/s/s)=final velocity- initial velocity (m/s))/time taken(s)

Question 18

what is the force equation

Answer 18

Force(N)= mass(kg) x acceleration (m/s/s)

Question 19

what are the two types of force?

Answer 19

internal force and external force

Question 20

What are the five effects of force?

Answer 20

creates motion, Decelerate a body, change direction of a body, change shape of a body, accelerate a body

Question 21

what is internal force

Answer 21

generated by the contraction of skeletal muscle

Question 22

what is external force

Answer 22

comes from outside the body and acts upon it

Question 23

explain creates motion

Answer 23

a football will remain at rest on the penalty spot until a force is applied to make it move

Question 24

explain decelerate a body

Answer 24

as the ball moves through the air towards goal, the force of air resistance will act in the opposite direction and slow it down

Question 25

explain change direction of a body

Answer 25

as the goalkeeper dives to save a high corner shot, he will apply a force from his hands to the ball, changing its direction and pushing it away from goal

Question 26

explain change shape of a body

Answer 26

if the goalkeeper fails to make the save, the force of the ball coming into contact with the net will make the net change shape

Question 27

explain accelerate a body

Answer 27

the greater the force applied by the footballers foot to the ball, the greater the rate of acceleration towards the goal

Question 28

what is net force?

Answer 28

The sum of all forces acting on a body

Question 29

if net force is 0…

Answer 29

1. remain at rest

2. travel with constant velocity

Question 30

if net force is 0 the forces are…

Answer 30

balanced

Question 31

net force is present…

Answer 31

there is a change in motion and forces are unbalanced

Question 32

if net force is positive a body will…

Answer 32

accelerate

Question 33

if net force is negative a body will…

Answer 33

decelerate

Question 34

what is the equation for weight?

Answer 34

Weight(N) = mass(kg) x acceleration due to gravity (m/s/s)

Question 35

name two vertical forces?

Answer 35

weight and reaction

Question 36

what is weight

Answer 36

the gravitational pull that the earth exerts on a body, measured in Newtons(N)

Question 37

what is reaction?

Answer 37

the equal and opposite force exerted by a body in response to the action force placed upon it, measured in Newtons (N)

Question 38

name two horizontal forces?

Answer 38

friction and air resistance

Question 39

what is friction

Answer 39

the force that opposes the motion of two surfaces in contact and is measured in Newtons

Question 40

what are the factors affecting friction?

Answer 40

1. Roughness of the ground surface
2. Temperature
3. roughness of the contact surface
4. size of normal reaction

Question 41

explain roughness of the ground surface

Answer 41

increased roughness leads to increased friction. eg an athletics track

Question 42

explain temperature affecting the amount of friction

Answer 42

increasing the temperature friction is increased eg f1 drivers on a warm up lap

Question 43

roughness of the contact surface affecting friction

Answer 43

a rougher contact surface leads to increased friction. eg sprinter wearing spikes

Question 44

size of normal reaction affecting friction

Answer 44

by increasing normal reaction friction is increased. eg shot putters have high mass due to newton’s third law

Question 45

what are the factors affecting friction?

Answer 45

1. velocity
2. shape
3. frontal cross-sectional area
4. smoothness of contact surface

Question 46

by increasing velocity air resistance…

Answer 46

increases eg the greater the velocity of a sprint cyclist the greater the air resistance opposing the motion

Question 47

an aerodynamic shape leads to?

Answer 47

lower air resistance eg sprint cyclists helmet