Biomass Flashcards
refer to energy systems which use biomass resources to produce heat, steam, mechanical power or electricity through either thermochemical, biochemical or physico-chemical processes
Biomass energy systems
refer to non-fossilized, biodegradable organic material originating from naturally occurring or cultured plants, animals and micro-organisms
Biomass resources
all carbonaceous plants and animal material resulting from agricultural and/or animal production
non-fossil organic material with intrinsic chemical energy content
biomass
derived from plants and animals whose properties can be comparable to commercial diesel fuel
biodiesel
the process in which fat or oil reacts with an alcohol to form esters and glycerol
transesterification
mixture of gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter anaerobically; primarily consists of methane and carbon dioxide
biogas
metabolic process that produces/ changes inorganic substrates through the action of enzymes (yeast)
fermentation
process of separating components of a mixture based on different boiling points
Ex. separation of alcohol and water
distillation
process of producing ethanol with the help of Saccharomyces fungi
saccharification
a combustible gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen
synthesis gas
a gas that does not form chemical reactions with other chemical substances and therefore does not form chemical compounds
inert gas
organic compound produced from fermenting biomass materials using yeast and purified via distillation
Ethanol/ Ethyl alcohol - C2H5OH
chemical process in which biomass materials reacts rapidly with oxygen and gives off heat
Ex. burning of fuel wood
combustion
combustion temperature
> 2000 degree Celsius
by-products of combustion
CO2 + H2O (vapor) + ash particles + smoke
thermal process that converts inorganic materials at high temperature typically > 700 degree Celsius, without combustion at controlled amount of oxygen
gasification
resulting gas from gasification
Synthesis gas
Cetane number of Ethanol
150
Good biogas is compose of ______ CH4 and ______ CO2
60%
40%
Odorless, colorless, flammable natural gas
Methane (CH4)
It is a colorless gas with the characteristic foul odor of rotten eggs. It is very poisonous, corrosive, and flammable.
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
Composition of SynGas from biomass gassification
carbon dioxide (CO2) carbon monoxide (CO) hydrogen (H2) methane (CH4) water (H2O) nitrogen (N2)
thermal composition of biomass at elevated temperature (>300 degree Celsius) in an inert atmosphere
Pyrolysis
a black viscous liquid of hydrocarbons and free carbon
Oil
Tar
