Biomass

Question 1

refer to energy systems which use biomass resources to produce heat, steam, mechanical power or electricity through either thermochemical, biochemical or physico-chemical processes

Answer 1

Biomass energy systems

Question 2

refer to non-fossilized, biodegradable organic material originating from naturally occurring or cultured plants, animals and micro-organisms

Answer 2

Biomass resources

Question 3

all carbonaceous plants and animal material resulting from agricultural and/or animal production
non-fossil organic material with intrinsic chemical energy content

Answer 3

biomass

Question 4

derived from plants and animals whose properties can be comparable to commercial diesel fuel

Answer 4

biodiesel

Question 5

the process in which fat or oil reacts with an alcohol to form esters and glycerol

Answer 5

transesterification

Question 6

mixture of gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter anaerobically; primarily consists of methane and carbon dioxide

Answer 6

biogas

Question 7

metabolic process that produces/ changes inorganic substrates through the action of enzymes (yeast)

Answer 7

fermentation

Question 8

process of separating components of a mixture based on different boiling points
Ex. separation of alcohol and water

Answer 8

distillation

Question 9

process of producing ethanol with the help of Saccharomyces fungi

Answer 9

saccharification

Question 10

a combustible gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen

Answer 10

synthesis gas

Question 11

a gas that does not form chemical reactions with other chemical substances and therefore does not form chemical compounds

Answer 11

inert gas

Question 12

organic compound produced from fermenting biomass materials using yeast and purified via distillation

Answer 12

Ethanol/ Ethyl alcohol - C2H5OH

Question 13

chemical process in which biomass materials reacts rapidly with oxygen and gives off heat
Ex. burning of fuel wood

Answer 13

combustion

Question 14

combustion temperature

Answer 14

> 2000 degree Celsius

Question 15

by-products of combustion

Answer 15

CO2 + H2O (vapor) + ash particles + smoke

Question 16

thermal process that converts inorganic materials at high temperature typically > 700 degree Celsius, without combustion at controlled amount of oxygen

Answer 16

gasification

Question 17

resulting gas from gasification

Answer 17

Synthesis gas

Question 18

Cetane number of Ethanol

Answer 18

150

Question 19

Good biogas is compose of ______ CH4 and ______ CO2

Answer 19

60%

40%

Question 20

Odorless, colorless, flammable natural gas

Answer 20

Methane (CH4)

Question 21

It is a colorless gas with the characteristic foul odor of rotten eggs. It is very poisonous, corrosive, and flammable.

Answer 21

Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)

Question 22

Composition of SynGas from biomass gassification

Answer 22

carbon dioxide (CO2)
carbon monoxide (CO)
hydrogen (H2)
methane (CH4)
water (H2O)
nitrogen (N2)

Question 23

thermal composition of biomass at elevated temperature (>300 degree Celsius) in an inert atmosphere

Answer 23

Pyrolysis

Question 24

a black viscous liquid of hydrocarbons and free carbon

Answer 24

Oil

Tar