Biomacromolecules (L1) Flashcards
What is biological diversity
The diversity of biological form
What biomacromolecules do all organisms share
Proteins
Polysaccharides
DNA
RNA
What are biomacromolecules?
Large polymeric molecules
What are lipids
Small molecules that form supra-molecular structures
Lipids are not biomacromolecules. True or false
True
Do lipids have membranes
Yes
What are polymers
Long chains of monomers covalently bonded together
HOMOpolymers are
Polymers made of IDENTICAL monomers
HETEROpolymers are
Polymers made of DIFFERENT monomers
Condensation reaction
Forms biomacromolecules
Removes water
Hydrolysis reaction
Degraded biomacromolecules
Adds water
Functions of nucleic acids
Define proteins
Storage and transmission of genetic information
Why is DNA used for storage of genetic info
Stable Repairable Accessible Easily and accurately transcribed into RNA Easily and accurately copied
Why is RNA used for transmission of genetic info
Reasonably stable
Can change its structure
Readily accessible
Easily and accurately translated
Where is RNA found
Cytosol of eukaryotic cells
What is RNA
Linear heteropolymer
Bases in RNA
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Uracil
What is RNA held together by
3’, 5’- phosphodiester links
Is RNA single or double stranded
Single stranded
Where is dna found
In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
What is dna
Linear heteropolymer
Is dna unbranched
Yes
Bases in dna
Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine
Why is dna more stable than rna
Dna contains one less oxygen in its structure than rna so is more stable because the extra oxygen in rna readily reacts with water
