Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Biology - yr 9 end of year > Flashcards

Biology - yr 9 end of year Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

magnification

A

i am formula triangle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

plant and animal cell organelles

A

nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

organelles only in plant cells

A

chloroplasts, vacuole, cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

organelles in bacteria cells

A

cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, single strand of dna, plasmids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

function of nucleus

A

contains dna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

function of cytoplasm

A

liquid substance in which chemical reactions take place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

function of cell membrane

A

controls what enters and leaves the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

function of mitochondria

A

where aerobic respiration reaction occurs, which provides energy for the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

function of ribosomes

A

where protein synthesis occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

function of chloroplasts

A

where photosynthesis takes place, which provides food for the plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

function of vacuole

A

contains cell sap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

function of cell wall

A

strengthens the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are specialised cells

A

cells that have specific structures and functions in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

examples of specialised cells in animals

A

sperm cells, nerve cells, muscle cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

examples of specialised cells in plants

A

root hair cells, xylem cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is cell division

A

when a parent cell divides into 2 identical daughter cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

stage 1 (interphase)

A

-the cells grow bigger
-the dna replicates to form 2 copies of each cromosome
-the sub-cellular structures increases in number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

stage 2 (Mitosis)

A

-the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
-one set of chromosomes is pulled to each end
-the nucleus divides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

stage 3 (Cytokinesis)

A

-the cell membrane and cytoplasm divide to form 2 genetically identical daughter cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is diffusion

A

diffusion is the net movement of cells from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration (does not use energy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what happens when the difference in concentration is greater

A

the faster the rate of diffution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is osmosis

A

osmosis is the movement of water molecules from and area of a less concentrated solution to an area of a more concentrated one from a partially permeable membrane (does not use energy)

23
Q

examples of diffusion

A

in the lungs, in the small intestine, the roots

24
Q

examples of osmosis

A

intestine

25
Q

what is active transport

A

active transport is the movement of particles in an area where there is a lower concentration to an area where they are in higher concentration (this requires energy)

26
Q

what are the 3 types of blood vessels

A

arteries, veins and capillaries

27
Q

what is the function of the arteries

A

to carry blood away from the heart straight after it has been pumped

28
Q

what is the function of the veins

A

to carry blood back to the heart

29
Q

what is the function of the capillaries

A

carries substances your cells need like oxygen and glucose for respiration

30
Q

features of arteries

A

-thick walls to withstand pressure

31
Q

features of veins

A

-the blood is under low pressure
-thinner muscle as walls
-valves to prevent to back flow of blood

32
Q

features of capillaries

A

-thin walls so that these substances can move through diffusion
-in and out of cells

33
Q

all features of the heart going clockwise

A

pulmonary artery, aorta, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle, vena cava, right atrium

34
Q

which side of the heart is deoxygenated

A

the right side

35
Q

the double circulatory system

A

blood passes through the heart twice on each loop around the body in a figure of 8 sort of way

36
Q

what is a non communicable disease

A

it is a disease that cannot be spread through person to person

37
Q

what is a communicable disease

A

a disease that can we spread

38
Q

examples of non communicable diseases

A

cancer, diabetes, lung diseases

39
Q

examples of communicable diseases

A

coronavirus, stds

40
Q

what are the 3 main ingredients in cigarette smoke

A

tar, carbon monoxide, nicotine

41
Q

short term effects of alcohol

A

-confusion
-blurred vision
-clumsiness
-memory loss
-vomiting
-passing out

42
Q

long term effects of alcohol

A

-depression
-poor memory
-difficulty having children
-liver problems
-cancer

43
Q

effects of smoking

A

-increases heart rate
-blood clotting
-reduces the amount of oxygen in blood

44
Q

what is coronary heart disease

A

it is when fatty deposits build up in the arteries which restricts the flow of blood. this leads to heart attacks

45
Q

what are statins

A

statins are pills that you take which breaks down the fatty deposits in the arteries. this reduces the risk of heart attack

46
Q

what are stents

A

stents are a balloon like needle that expands in the arteries which pushes the fatty deposits which makes the flow of blood smoother

47
Q

what is an exothermic process

A

a process that releases energy

48
Q

what is an endothermic process

A

a process that absorbs energy

49
Q

word equation for aerobic respiration

A

glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + energy released

50
Q

word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals

A

glucose = lactic acid + energy released (animals)

51
Q

word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants

A

glucose = ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy released (plants)

52
Q

what are some responses to exercise

A

-breathing rate increases
-heart rate increases
-lactic acid levels build up

53
Q

what is oxygen debt

A

The amount of oxygen required to remove the lactic acid, and replace the body’s reserves of oxygen, is called the oxygen debt.

Biology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions