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Marine Biology > Biology Vocab > Flashcards

Biology Vocab Flashcards

0
Q

Homeostasis

A

State of a stable equilibrium maintained by physiological processes

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1
Q

Metabolism

A

The chemical process that happens in each living organism to stay alive

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2
Q

Molecule

A

Atoms bonded together making the smallest unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction

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3
Q

Organic compounds

A

Any compound of carbon and another element

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4
Q

Carbohydrate

A

Organic compounds in foods and living tissues including sugars and starch

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5
Q

Chitin

A

A fibrous substance forming the constituent in the cell walls of fungi

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6
Q

Cellulose

A

An insoluble substance that is the main constituent of plant cell and fungi walls

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7
Q

Proteins

A

nitrogenous organic compounds that are made of argue molecules made of chains of amino acids essential to living organisms

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8
Q

Amino acids

A

Organic compound containing a carboxyl and amino group

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9
Q

Enzymes

A

Substance produces by living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific reaction

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10
Q

Hormones

A

Regulatory substance transported in blood to stimulate specific cells into actions

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11
Q

Lipids

A

Organic compounds that are fatty acids and are insoluble in water but soluble on other substances

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12
Q

Nucleus acids/nucleotides

A

A compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleus acids like DNA

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13
Q

DNA

A

Self replicating material in all living things and carrier of generic info

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14
Q

RNA

A

Nucleus acid that cat as a messenger for carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins

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15
Q

Nitrogen bases

A

Nitrogen bearing compound with chemical properties of a base

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16
Q

ATP

A

Transports chemical energy within cels for metabolism

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17
Q

ADP

A

Organic compound in metabolism and essential to the flow of energy within cells

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18
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Process where green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water

19
Q

Pigments

A

The natural coloring matter of animals of plant tissue

20
Q

Chlorophyll

A

A green pigment responsible for absorbing light to make energy for photosynthesis

21
Q

Carbon fixation

A

Process where gaseous carbon dioxide is changed to a solid compound

22
Q

Autotrophs

A

An organism that makes its own food and is self sustaining

23
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Organism that takes its nutritional requirements from other organic substances

24
Q

Cellular respiration

A

Metabolic process where organisms take energy from organic molecules

25
Q

Aerobic

A

With air

26
Q

Anaerobic

A

No air

27
Q

Primary production.

A

Production of organic compounds through processes like photosynthesis

28
Q

Primary producer

A

Organisms that produce biomass from inorganic compounds

29
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Single called organism with no nucleus (bacteria)

30
Q

Eukaryotes

A

Multiple cells organisms with a nucleus

31
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Modify proteins made by cells and package and export proteins

32
Q

Nucleus

A

Most important thing / holds DNA an controls organisms activity

33
Q

Plasma membrane

A

Membrane made of lipids and proteins and regulates the passage of molecules in and out of cytoplasm

34
Q

Mitochondria

A

Powers the organism with energy by breaking down sugars

35
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

Carries material through cell and helps makes proteins

36
Q

Smooth ER

A

Carries material through cell and helps makes proteins with no ribosomes

37
Q

Rough ER

A

Carries material through cell and helps makes proteins with ribosomes

38
Q

Ribosomes

A

Makes proteins

39
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Jelly stuff suppers surround and protects cell organelles

40
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Strengthen cell and maintains the shape and mixes the organelles

41
Q

Vacuole

A

Sacs that store food sugars water and waste

42
Q

Chloroplast

A

Uses energy from the sun to make food for the plant (photosynthesis) releases oxygen

43
Q

Cell wall

A

Supports protects an allows things to go in and out of cell

44
Q

Flagella

A

Movement

45
Q

Cilia

A

Movement

Marine Biology (2 decks)

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