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AP Human Geography > Biology Unit 4- Cell Cycle and Cancer > Flashcards

Biology Unit 4- Cell Cycle and Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What are 4 types of a-sexual reproduction?

A

binary fission, budding, sporulation, regeneration

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2
Q

Binary Fission

A

reproduction of equal sized, identical offspring

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3
Q

Budding

A

reproduction of unequal sized, identical offspring

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4
Q

Sporulation

A

reproduction of many identical offspring

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5
Q

Regeneration

A

reproduction of identical offspring through mitotic cell division

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6
Q

What percentage of the cell cycle does a cell spend in interphase?

A

90%

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7
Q

What are the 3 general stages of interphase?

A

G1, S, and G2

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8
Q

What is the G1 stage?

A

the first growth phase

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9
Q

What is the S stage?

A

where replication of DNA takes place

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10
Q

What is the G2 stage?

A

where the second growth takes place in preparation for division

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11
Q

What are the two parts of the mitosis phase?

A

karyokinesis, cytokinesis

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12
Q

Karyokinesis

A

when the nucleus divides

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13
Q

Cytokinesis

A

where the cell divides

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14
Q

What are the 3 main proteins controlling the passing of checkpoints? (positive and negative)

A

CDK, Cyclin, P53

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15
Q

Role of CDK:

A

an enzyme

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16
Q

Role of cyclin:

A

the rise and fall determine if cycle continues

17
Q

Role of P53:

A

negative molecule that may induce apoptosis

18
Q

Apoptosis

A

when a cell self destructs due to an unfixable error in the cycle

19
Q

In which stage of mitosis does the cytoplasm split?

A

cytokinesis

20
Q

in which phase does the cell check if chromosomes are aligned?

A

metaphase

21
Q

Tumor

A

a clump or collection of cancer cells (not always cancerous)

22
Q

How does cancer occur?

A

with rapid and uncontrolled cell division

23
Q

What does it mean when a cell is in a state of G0?

A

the cell doesn’t divide or reproduce

24
Q

Where are cells in G0 primarily found?

A

the brain and spinal cord

AP Human Geography (2 decks)

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