Biology Unit 4- Cell Cycle and Cancer Flashcards
What are 4 types of a-sexual reproduction?
binary fission, budding, sporulation, regeneration
Binary Fission
reproduction of equal sized, identical offspring
Budding
reproduction of unequal sized, identical offspring
Sporulation
reproduction of many identical offspring
Regeneration
reproduction of identical offspring through mitotic cell division
What percentage of the cell cycle does a cell spend in interphase?
90%
What are the 3 general stages of interphase?
G1, S, and G2
What is the G1 stage?
the first growth phase
What is the S stage?
where replication of DNA takes place
What is the G2 stage?
where the second growth takes place in preparation for division
What are the two parts of the mitosis phase?
karyokinesis, cytokinesis
Karyokinesis
when the nucleus divides
Cytokinesis
where the cell divides
What are the 3 main proteins controlling the passing of checkpoints? (positive and negative)
CDK, Cyclin, P53
Role of CDK:
an enzyme
Role of cyclin:
the rise and fall determine if cycle continues
Role of P53:
negative molecule that may induce apoptosis
Apoptosis
when a cell self destructs due to an unfixable error in the cycle
In which stage of mitosis does the cytoplasm split?
cytokinesis
in which phase does the cell check if chromosomes are aligned?
metaphase
Tumor
a clump or collection of cancer cells (not always cancerous)
How does cancer occur?
with rapid and uncontrolled cell division
What does it mean when a cell is in a state of G0?
the cell doesn’t divide or reproduce
Where are cells in G0 primarily found?
the brain and spinal cord
