Biology Unit 4 Flashcards
process by which a cell divides to form
two new cells
Cell Division
divides forming two new identical cells
Prokaryotes
Process that divides cell nucleus to produce two
new nuclei each with a complete set of
chromosomes
Mitosis
formation of sex cells
meiosis
If cells grow without a limit
DNA overload
Food and oxygen have to cross membrane very
quickly and Waste must get out
exchange of materials
DNA is copied, resulting in 2 identical chromosomes
DNA Replication
2 chromosomes separate, move towards ends (poles) of cell
Chromosome Segregation
cytoplasm divides, forming 2 cells
Cytokinesis
period of growth and DNA replication between
cell divisions
interphase
cells increase in size
G1 Phase
replication of chromosomes
S Phase
organelles double, new cytoplasm forms ,All other structures needed for mitosis form
G2 phase
contains cells genetic code
DNA
a matching pair in the chromosomes
Homologous Pair
Cells grow ,DNA replicated, Organelles duplicated ,Divide to form daughter cells
cell cycle
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
Mitosis steps(PMAT)
Cytoplasm divide, forming 2 cells
Cytokinesis
- chromosomes visible (sister chromatids)
- centrioles migrate to the poles (only in animals)
- nuclear membrane disappears
- spindle forms
Prophase
- chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell
- spindles attach to centromeres
metphase
1.sister chromatids separate
2.centromeres divide
3.sister chromatids move to opposite poles
anaphase
- chromosomes uncoil * now chromatin
- nuclear membranes reform
- spindle disappears
telophase
division of the cytoplasm to form 2 new daughter
cells
cytokenesis
Result of uncontrolled cell division of cells that
have lost ability to regulate cell cycle
cancer cells
