Biology unit 3 cells Flashcards
What are the three parts of cell theory
- All living are composed of cells
- Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
- New cells are produced from existing cells.
Who came up with the term “cell”
Robert Hooke
Who made the simple microscope and discovered microorganisms.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Was a German botanist and discovered that all plants are made of cells
Matthias Schleiden
Was a German zoologist and discovered that all animals are made of cells
Theodore Schwann
what scientist noted that cells could only come from preexisting cells
Rudolph Virchow
What are the the two ways living organisms get energy
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
Autotrophs
Can make their own food
Heterotrophs
Cannot make their own Food. So they get energy by consuming other living organisms
All living organisms….
Perform chemical reactions
Change over time or evolve
Respond to their environment
Reproduce
Maintain a stable internal environment in a process called homeostasis
Ingestion
The taking in of food and water
Digestion
Breaking down food into small molecules that can be used by cells.
Cyclosis
The movement of materials inside a cell
Respiration
Breaking down glucose into simpler substances and releasing the stored energy in a form the cell use.
Biosynthesis
Using the energy from foods to form new cell parts, as in growth and repair.
Excretion
The removal of liquid waste
Egestion
The removal of solid waste from the cell.
Movement
Is movement you know what it means already
Reproduction
may be sexual or asexual
Irritability
Responding to a stimulus
Secretions
A substance made in one place, but used in another place.
Cell Shape
Cells have different shapes depending on their functions.
Nucleus
Controls the cells functions
Cytoplasm
Is we’re chemical reactions happen in the cell
Mitochondrion
Is where respiration occurs, which releases energy in the cell.
Cell membrane
Is responsible for the control of substances entering and exiting the cell.
Ribsome
Is responseable for making protein
Cell Wall
Is made of cellulose and helps support the cell and gives it strength
Chloroplast
Is made to contein and absorb light and make it energy.
Permanent Vacuole
Keeps the cell strait and rigid to support the plant like a spine.
Slime Layer
Which is meant for protection
Genetic Material
Is not shrouded by a nucleus and it just floats around
Plasmids
Extra DNA
Flagellum
To help the cell move
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Functions as an intracellular highway that provides a path along which molecules move from one part to another.
Golgi Apparatus
The function of the Golgi is to modify, sort and package the proteins that have arrive from the endoplasmic reticuulum.
Golgi Apparatus
The function of the Golgi is to modify, sort and package the proteins that have arrive from the endoplasmic reticuulum.
Protein Synthesis and transport
Is the manufacture and distribution proteins can be seen in this diagram
What are Lysosomes
Lysosomes bud from the Golgi apparatus and is used to break down large molecules into smaller molecules.
What is the Peroxisomes
Peroxisomes break down alcohols and kill bacteria, producing hydrogen peroxide as a result.
What are Cytoskeleton
Cytoskeleton is the framework or support system for the cell.
What are Centrioles
Centrioles organize the micro tubules during cell division to form a framework for separating chromosomes.
What are Plastids
Plastids are organelles that are surrounded by a double membrane and contain their own DNA.
Unicellular Organisms
Is a single-celled organism like Bacteria, Ameba, Yeasts, Paramecia.
Colonial Organisms
A colonial organism is a group of genetically identical cells that live together.
