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Biology unit 3 cells > Biology unit 3 cells > Flashcards

Biology unit 3 cells Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the three parts of cell theory

A
  1. All living are composed of cells
  2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
  3. New cells are produced from existing cells.
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2
Q

Who came up with the term “cell”

A

Robert Hooke

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3
Q

Who made the simple microscope and discovered microorganisms.

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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4
Q

Was a German botanist and discovered that all plants are made of cells

A

Matthias Schleiden

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5
Q

Was a German zoologist and discovered that all animals are made of cells

A

Theodore Schwann

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6
Q

what scientist noted that cells could only come from preexisting cells

A

Rudolph Virchow

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7
Q

What are the the two ways living organisms get energy

A

Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

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8
Q

Autotrophs

A

Can make their own food

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9
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Cannot make their own Food. So they get energy by consuming other living organisms

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10
Q

All living organisms….

A

Perform chemical reactions
Change over time or evolve
Respond to their environment
Reproduce
Maintain a stable internal environment in a process called homeostasis

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11
Q

Ingestion

A

The taking in of food and water

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12
Q

Digestion

A

Breaking down food into small molecules that can be used by cells.

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13
Q

Cyclosis

A

The movement of materials inside a cell

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14
Q

Respiration

A

Breaking down glucose into simpler substances and releasing the stored energy in a form the cell use.

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15
Q

Biosynthesis

A

Using the energy from foods to form new cell parts, as in growth and repair.

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16
Q

Excretion

A

The removal of liquid waste

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17
Q

Egestion

A

The removal of solid waste from the cell.

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18
Q

Movement

A

Is movement you know what it means already

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19
Q

Reproduction

A

may be sexual or asexual

20
Q

Irritability

A

Responding to a stimulus

21
Q

Secretions

A

A substance made in one place, but used in another place.

22
Q

Cell Shape

A

Cells have different shapes depending on their functions.

23
Q

Nucleus

A

Controls the cells functions

24
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Is we’re chemical reactions happen in the cell

25
Q

Mitochondrion

A

Is where respiration occurs, which releases energy in the cell.

26
Q

Cell membrane

A

Is responsible for the control of substances entering and exiting the cell.

27
Q

Ribsome

A

Is responseable for making protein

28
Q

Cell Wall

A

Is made of cellulose and helps support the cell and gives it strength

29
Q

Chloroplast

A

Is made to contein and absorb light and make it energy.

30
Q

Permanent Vacuole

A

Keeps the cell strait and rigid to support the plant like a spine.

31
Q

Slime Layer

A

Which is meant for protection

32
Q

Genetic Material

A

Is not shrouded by a nucleus and it just floats around

33
Q

Plasmids

A

Extra DNA

34
Q

Flagellum

A

To help the cell move

35
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Functions as an intracellular highway that provides a path along which molecules move from one part to another.

36
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

The function of the Golgi is to modify, sort and package the proteins that have arrive from the endoplasmic reticuulum.

37
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

The function of the Golgi is to modify, sort and package the proteins that have arrive from the endoplasmic reticuulum.

38
Q

Protein Synthesis and transport

A

Is the manufacture and distribution proteins can be seen in this diagram

39
Q

What are Lysosomes

A

Lysosomes bud from the Golgi apparatus and is used to break down large molecules into smaller molecules.

40
Q

What is the Peroxisomes

A

Peroxisomes break down alcohols and kill bacteria, producing hydrogen peroxide as a result.

41
Q

What are Cytoskeleton

A

Cytoskeleton is the framework or support system for the cell.

42
Q

What are Centrioles

A

Centrioles organize the micro tubules during cell division to form a framework for separating chromosomes.

43
Q

What are Plastids

A

Plastids are organelles that are surrounded by a double membrane and contain their own DNA.

44
Q

Unicellular Organisms

A

Is a single-celled organism like Bacteria, Ameba, Yeasts, Paramecia.

45
Q

Colonial Organisms

A

A colonial organism is a group of genetically identical cells that live together.

Biology unit 3 cells (1 decks)

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