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Flash Cards > Biology Unit #3 > Flashcards

Biology Unit #3 Flashcards

1
Q

Cells

A

A cell is the most basic unit of life which all organisms are made of

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2
Q

Theory

A

An educated guess/hypothesis that hasn’t yet been proven wrong; an explanation

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3
Q

Robert Hooke

A

1666 - discovered cells by looking at a thin sliver of cork under a microscope

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4
Q

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

A

1673 - used a handmade microscope to observe pond scum and discovered single celled organisms

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5
Q

Francisco Redi

A
  • proved spontaneous generation is false with meat and maggots
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6
Q

Louis Pasteur

A
  • proved that living things come from other living things
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7
Q

Matthias Schleiden

A

1838 - discovered that all plants are made of cells

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8
Q

Theodor Schwann

A

1839 - discovered that all animals are made of cells

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9
Q

Rudolf Virchow

A

1858 - concluded that all cells are made of preexisting cells

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10
Q

Spontaneous Generation

A

The theory that living things come from nonliving things

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11
Q

Cell Theory

A
  1. all organisms are made of one or more cells and all cells come from preexisting cells
  2. Cells are the basic unit of life
  3. Cells have specialized structures and functions
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12
Q

Microscope

A

A tool used to magnify small objects

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13
Q

MAgnification

A

The enlarging of an object

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14
Q

Hans and Zacharias Janssen

A

Created the first microscope which as later improved by Leeuwenhoek

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15
Q

Compound Light Microscope

A

Uses light and a series of lenses to magnify an object (2D)

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16
Q

Scanning Electron Microscope

A

Sweeps a beam of electrons over an object to produce a 3D image

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17
Q

Transmission Electron Microscope

A

Shoots a beam of electrons through an object to create a very detailed 2D image

17
Q

Scanning Tunneling Microscope

A

Can show the atoms on an object’s surface

17
Q

Unicellular

A

Single celled (bacteria)

18
Q

Multicellular

A

Multiple cells (animal, plant, fungi)

19
Q

How do the cells in multicellular organisms combine?

A

Atoms - Compounds/Biomolecules - Organelles - Cells - Tissues - Organs - Organ Systems - Organism

20
Q

Tissues

A

A group of similar cells grouped together

21
Q

Organ

A

Different tissues grouped together

22
Q

Organ System

A

Several organs and tissues working together

23
Q

Organelle

A

A structure in a cell with a specific function

24
Q

Cell Membrane

A

Surrounds and protects the cell, controls what goes in and out

25
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The clear jelly-like fluid that surrounds the organelles and holds them in place

26
Q

Nucleus

A

The controls cell activity and stores DNA

27
Q

Nucleolus

A

Inside of the nucleus making ribosomes

28
Q

Ribosomes

A

Links amino acids together to make proteins

29
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Has a folded membrane found near the nucleus
Smooth ER - makes fats/lipids
Rough ER - where ribosomes attach

30
Q

Golgi Body/Apparatus

A

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins

31
Q

Vacuoles

A

Stores things like food , waste, enzymes, and waste

32
Q

Lysosomes

A

Has digestive enzymes and are the cells garbage men

33
Q

Mitochondria

A

Transforms energy for the cell; powerhouse of the cell

34
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Made of rods and filaments that form the framework

35
Q

Centriole

A

Helps in cell division (only in animals)

36
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Changes sunlight into energy (only in plants

37
Q

Cell Wall

A

A rigid structure that surrounds and protects the cell membrane

38
Q

Amyloplast

A

Converts glucose into starch and then stores it

39
Q

Cilia

A

Short hair like extensions that help with movement

40
Q

Flagella

A

Longer whip-like projection that helps with movement

Flash Cards (8 decks)

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