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Biology-Science Class > Biology Unit 1 > Flashcards

Biology Unit 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are Biotic Factors?

A

Living Things in an environment

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2
Q

What are Abiotic Factors?

A

Nonliving factors in an environment

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3
Q

Symbiosis

A

Living things have a close relationship in an environment

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4
Q

Mutualism

A

Both species benefit

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5
Q

Commensalism

A

One species benefits and the other is not affected

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6
Q

Parasitism

A

One species benefits and the other is harmed

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7
Q

Levels of Organization (smallest to largest)

A

Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome

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8
Q

Organism

A

1 Living thing

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9
Q

Population

A

All the organisms of a species that live together in an area

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10
Q

Community

A

All the populations of organisms that live together in an area

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11
Q

Ecosystem

A

All the living and non-living things found in an area

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12
Q

Biosphere

A

Portion of the earth that supports living things

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13
Q

In what form does energy enter the ecosystem?

A

Sunlight

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14
Q

Autotroph + Example

A

Use sunlight to make energy through photosynthesis (ex. Plants)

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15
Q

Heterotroph (ex.)

A

Eats other organisms for energy (animals)

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16
Q

Decomposer (ex.)

A

Breaks down dead for energy (Bacteria)

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17
Q

How can energy flow be visualized?

A

Through food chains, food webs, and trophic pyramids

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18
Q

Trophic Pyramid

A

Shows feeding relationships that pass energy through an ecosystem

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19
Q

What is energy converted into?

A

Heat

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20
Q

What % of energy is available at one level?

A

10

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21
Q

True or False: Nutrients are not created nor destroyed?

A

True

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22
Q

What 2 major categories are Biomes divided into?

A

Terrestrial Biomes (tundra, desert, rainforest) & Aquatic Biomes (Oceans, Seas, ponds, streams)

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23
Q

Limiting Factor

A

Factor that affects an organisms ability to survive in an environment

24
Q

Succession

A

Natural changes and species replacement that take place in communities

25
Q

Pioneer Species

A

First living things to colonize an area

26
Q

Climax Community

A

Stable community that has little changes in species unless a disturbance occurs

27
Q

True or False: Not many organisms of the population can survive the Optimum Range.

A

False

28
Q

True or False: A small # of the population can endure harsher conditions of the Physiological Stress Zone?

A

True

29
Q

Can organisms survive in the intolerance zone?

A

Yes

30
Q

Exponential Growth

A

As a population gets larger it grows faster

31
Q

J-Curve

A

Shows exponential growth pattern

32
Q

Carrying Capacity

A

Maximum # of organisms that an environment can support

33
Q

S-Curve

A

Shows a population has leveled off because of limited resources

34
Q

Does the size of a prey population affect the size of the predator population?

A

Yes

35
Q

Prey

A

Organism that is killed

36
Q

Predator

A

Organisms that kills other organisms

37
Q

Biodiversity

A

Refers to the variety of species that live in an area

38
Q

Where does most of the world’s biodiversity exist?

A

Near the equator

39
Q

True or False: The farther you move from the equator the less biodiversity you will find

A

True

40
Q

True or False: Smaller land masses have more biodiversity

A

False

41
Q

Habitat Loss

A

Destroys entire habitat

42
Q

Habitat fragmentation

A

Splits wilderness areas into smaller segments

43
Q

Habitat degradation

A

Damages habitat by polluting the environment

44
Q

Exotic Species

A

Non-Native species that can outcompete or kill native species

45
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Converts light energy (sunlight) into chemical energy (carbohydrates)

46
Q

Keystone Species

A

Species w/ large effect on ecosystem, causes ripple effect if lost

47
Q

Primary consumers eat…

A

plants (herbivore)

48
Q

Secondary Consumers eat…

A

primary consumer (carnivore)

49
Q

Tertiary Consumers eat…

A

Secondary consumers

50
Q

Ecology

A

Study of the interactions among living things and their surroundings

51
Q

Niche

A

How species live in their habitat

52
Q

Competitive Exclusion

A

When 2 species compete for same resources

53
Q

Predation

A

One organism captures and feed upon the other organism

54
Q

Factors that determine population size

A

Immigration, Births, Emigration, and Deaths

55
Q

Key factors of climate (there are 4)

A

Temperature, Water, Sunlight, and Wind

Biology-Science Class (1 decks)

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