Biology topic 1

Question 1

What is the role of the cell membrane?

Answer 1

Filter what enters and exits the cell

Question 2

What is the role of the cell wall?

Answer 2

Provides structure

Question 3

What is the role of ribosomes ?

Answer 3

Where proteins are made

Question 4

What is the role of mitochondria

Answer 4

Power house of the cell- energy

Question 5

What is the role of chloroplasts

Answer 5

Where photosynthesis takes place

Question 6

What is the role of the nucleus?

Answer 6

Where DNA is held

Question 7

What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 7

• Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, prokaryotic cells have a loop of DNA
• prokaryotic cells and much smaller

Question 8

Where is DNA held in bacteria cells?

Answer 8

• loop of DNA
• Small rings called plasmids

Question 9

What do plant cells have that animals cells don’t

Answer 9

• permanent vacuole
• cell wall
• chloroplasts

Question 10

What do both animal and plants cells have?

Answer 10

• mitochondria
• ribosomes
• nucleus
  -cytoplasm

Question 11

What are the special features of a root hair cell? And why are they helpful?

Answer 11

• long projection
• large surface area allows more more absorption of nutrients

Question 12

What are the special features of a sperm cell? And why are they helpful?

Answer 12

• the tail is helpful for propelling
• the head is streamlined
• lots if mitochondria to supply energy

Question 13

What are the special features of a nerve cell? And why are they helpful?

Answer 13

• very long to allow impulses to be transported over long distances
• lots of connections to allow impulses to be transported to lots of different areas of the body

Question 14

Why is an electron microscope considered better than a light microscope?

Answer 14

• higher magnification
• better resolution

Question 15

What are the stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 15

• DNA duplicates and the cell grows in size
• one set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell
• Cell member and cytoplasm divides

Question 16

What is a stem cell?

Answer 16

• an undifferentiated cells
• it has no specific characteristics that make it able to perform a function

Question 17

Where can stem cells be found?

Answer 17

-Found in embryos all in bone marrow

Question 18

Why are stem cells useful?

Answer 18

• they can cure diseases where you have insufficient cells or faulty cells
• e.g diabetes- lack the cell to produce insulin

Question 19

What issues might arise from stem cell research?

Answer 19

• ethical issues
• limited knowledge
• risk contamination which leads to infections

Question 20

What is diffusion?

Answer 20

• spreading of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration

Question 21

What factors affect the rate of diffusion?

Answer 21

• the difference in concentration
• temperature

Question 22

What is osmosis?

Answer 22

• diffusion of what we from a dilute solution to a high concentration of

Question 23

What is active transport?

Answer 23

• movement of particles from a low concentration to a high concentration
• requires energy